Endocrine Systems Flashcards
intracrine
hormones acting within cells
endocrine
internal secretion
paracrine
beside secretion between organs
autocrine
self secretion (immune system)
exocrine
external secretion (pheromones)
hydrophilic hormones
more abundant, activate signal transduction pathways, quicker but effects last for hours, can alter gene expression or change metabolic state
hydrophobic hormones
slower but effects last days/months, receptors inside cell, can alter DNA replication, act as transcription factors
peptide hormones
hydrophilic, come from proteins
amine hormones
hydrophilic, come from amino acids
steroid hormones
cholesterol derivatives, hydrophobic
anterior pituitary gland
usually create their own hormones from the hypothalamus’ tropic hormones
posterior pituitary gland
all hormones released by the posterior are created in the hypothalamus which signals when they should be released
releasing factor hormones
released by the hypothalamus to signal the pituitary to release hormones
vasopressin (ADH)
affects the uptake of water into the blood
insulin
affects the amount of glucose in the blood stream, released by the pancreas, tells body to store glucose
