Respiration

Question 1

partial pressure of a gas

Answer 1

its functional concentration relative to other gases present multiplied by overall pressure exerted on the gas

Question 2

what organisms does gas exchange via diffusion work for?

Answer 2

small organisms

Question 3

bulk flow

Answer 3

bring in a lot an release a lot, used often in lungs and heart

Question 4

where do bulk flow and diffusion occur in respiratory system?

Answer 4

bulk flow in lungs and trachea, diffusion in capillary beds

Question 5

tidal ventilation

Answer 5

how lungs inflate; negative pressure draws air into lungs (diaphragm contracts and flattens); positive pressure expels air from lungs (diaphragm relaxes and curves)

Question 6

intercostal muscles

Answer 6

muscles within the rib cage

Question 7

trachea

Answer 7

part of the throat, has a cartilage structure to protect it

Question 8

bronchi

Answer 8

start of the lungs and branches into bronchioles

Question 9

bronchiole

Answer 9

where air flows through the lungs, wrapped in smooth muscle

Question 10

alveoli

Answer 10

sacs where bulk flow is stopped with capillary network surrounding it, wall is one cell thick, watery film surrounding the inside which allows oxygen to dissolve and diffuse

Question 11

red blood cells

Answer 11

very small and have very few components to them, donut shape allows for pickup and movement of gases, contains hemoglobin

Question 12

hemoglobin

Answer 12

protein which has 4 subunits all attracted to oxygen

Question 13

cooperative binding

Answer 13

once one subunit of hemoglobin binds to oxygen the other subunits become more attracted to it and vice versa

Question 14

myoglobin

Answer 14

has one subunit which binds to oxygen

Question 15

o2 dissociation curve (hemoglobin)

Answer 15

partial pressure on x axis, o2 saturation of hemoglobin on y axis, sigmoidal shape, can shift

Question 16

myoglobin dissociation curve

Answer 16

does not let go of o2 unless there is almost none in the cell (like with pregnant women)