Endocrine Table

Question 1

Hypothalamus

Answer 1

Regulates ant. pit. hormones

Question 2

Anterior Pituitary hormones

Answer 2

1. Growth hormone (GH)
2. Thyrotrophin/Thyroid Stim. Hormone (TSH)
3. Adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)
4. Gonadotropic hormones
   - Follicle Stimulating Hormone
   - Luteinizing Hormone
5. Prolactin (PRL)
6. Melanophore-Stimulating Hormone (MSH)

Question 3

Causes production of somatomedin which causes growth; stimulates protein synthesis, hydrolysis of fats, and increases blood glucose levels (diabetogenic effect).

Answer 3

growth hormone

Question 4

Regulating factors/hormones (also makes Oxytocin and ADH that is stored in the post. pit.)

Answer 4

hypothalamus

Question 5

stimulates thyroid

Answer 5

Thyrotrophin/Thyroid Stim. Hormone (TSH)

Question 6

Females: stimulated development of follicles and estrogen

Males: stimulated development of seminiferous tubules of testes and sperm production (with testosterone’s aid)

Answer 6

Follicle Stimulating Hormone

Question 7

Females: stim. conversion of follicles into corpora lutea and production of progesterone

Males: stim. production of testosterone in testes

Answer 7

Luteinizing Hormone

Question 8

Stim. milk production by mammary glands

Answer 8

Prolactin (PRL)

Question 9

is the storage organ for hormones produced by the hypothalamus

Answer 9

posterior pituitary

Question 10

Stimulates uterine muscle contraction; stimulates the release of milk by the mammary glands

Answer 10

Oxytocin (OT)

Question 11

Stimulates increased water reabsorption by kidneys; stim. the constriction of blood vessels and other smooth muscles

Answer 11

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)/Vasopressin

Question 12

posterior pituitary hormones

Answer 12

oxytocin (OT)
antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 13

Stimulates metabolism; helps regulate growth and development

Answer 13

Thyroid Hormones (TH)

Question 14

Thyroid Hormones (TH)

Answer 14

Thryroxine (T4)

Triiodothyronine (T3)

Question 15

Thyroid Gland cells

Answer 15

Parafollicular cells (or C cells)
Follicular cells and thyroglobulin

Question 16

Prevents excessive rise in blood calcium; decreases blood calcium levels

Answer 16

Calcitonin

Question 17

Regulates calcium-phosphate metabolism; breaks down bone tissue to increase blood calcium levels (and phosphate levels)

Answer 17

Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)

Question 18

Parathyroid Gland cells

Answer 18

Principal Cells or Chief Cells

Question 19

Thyroid Gland hormones

Answer 19

Calcitonin

Thyroid hormone

Question 20

Adrenal Medulla cells

Answer 20

Chromaffin cells

Question 21

Adrenal Medulla hormones

Answer 21

Adrenaline (epinephrine)

Noradrenaline (norepinephrine)

Question 22

Stimulates “fight-or-flight” reactions and causes more vasoconstriction

Answer 22

Noradrenaline (norepinephrine)

Question 23

Stimulates “fight-or-flight” reactions

Answer 23

Adrenaline (epinephrine)

Question 24

Stimulates kidney tubules to reabsorb more sodium and water and less potassium

Answer 24

Mineralocorticoids (aldosterone)

Question 25

Stimulates formation of carbohydrates from protein and fats, elevates glucose and glycogen stores (adrenal diabetes)

Answer 25

Glucocorticoids (cortisol)

Question 26

Stimulates secondary sexual characteristics, particularly those of the male

Answer 26

Cortical Sex Hormones

Question 27

parts of the adrenal cortex

Answer 27

``` Zona Glomerulosa (outer) Zona Fasciculata (middle) Zona Reticularis (inner) ```

Question 28

Stimulates glucose uptake, glycogen formation, stimulates synthesis of proteinand fat; inhibits formation of new glucose

Answer 28

insulin

Question 29

Stimulates conversion of glycogen into glucose

Answer 29

glucagon

Question 30

beta cells

Answer 30

insulin

Question 31

alpha cells

Answer 31

glucagon

Question 32

islets of langerhans

Answer 32

beta and alpha cells

Question 33

pancreas hormones

Answer 33

insulin and glucagon

Question 34

ovaries hormones

Answer 34

Estrogens Progesterone Relaxin

Question 35

testes hormones

Answer 35

Testosterone | Inhibin

Question 36

pineal hormones

Answer 36

melatonin

Question 37

Thymus hormones

Answer 37

Thymosin, Thymic humoral factor, Thymic factor, Thymopoietin

Question 38

Gastrointestinal Tract hormones

Answer 38

Stomach gastrin, Enteric gastrin, Secretin, Cholecystokinin, Enterocrinin, Gastric inhibitory peptide

Question 39

Placenta hormones

Answer 39

Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), Estrogens, Progesterone, Relaxin, Human chorionic somatomammotropin (HCS)

Question 40

Kidney hormones

Answer 40

Renal erythropoietic factor (to become erythropoietin) | Kidneys help bring about the activation of the hormone Vit. D

Question 41

Skin hormones

Answer 41

Produces hormone Vit. D in the presence of sunlight

Question 42

hypo growth hormone in kids

Answer 42

pituitary dwarf

Question 43

hyper growth hormone in kids

Answer 43

pituitary giant

Question 44

hyper growth hormone in adults

Answer 44

acromegaly

Question 45

hypo ADH

Answer 45

Diabetes inspidus

Question 46

hypo thyroid hormone in kids

Answer 46

cretins

Question 47

hypo thyroid hormone in adults

Answer 47

myxedema/goiters

Question 48

hyper thyroid hormone

Answer 48

graves disease | exophlamia

Question 49

hypo aldosterone

Answer 49

Addison's disease

Question 50

hyper cortisol

Answer 50

Cushing's disease

Question 51

hyper cortical sex hormonoes

Answer 51

adrenogenital syndrome

Question 52

hypo insulin

Answer 52

diabetes mellitus