energy Flashcards

Question

Why is fuelwood still such an important energy source in many parts of the world? (4)

Answer 1

It is often free ( affordable), doesn’t require hi.tech equipment, is easily accessible to many people ( forests), can be considered renewable and sustainable

Answer 2

it’s often free Does not require hi-tech equipment to use it It is easily accessible to many It can be sustainable and renewable

Answer 3

Afforestation (planting more trees). Managing the woodland system, to ensure it is used sustainably. The introduction of new fast growing species The introduction of new fuel efficient stoves, which burn less wood and create less smoke.

Answer 4

In some parts of the world more trees are being cut down than are being replaced. This means people have to walk further to collect it. This means children may miss out on school Deforestation may lead to soil erosion and desertification. Burning wood in confined spaces leads to respiratory illnesses, especially amongst women.

Answer 5

in LEDC’s The more rural a country is, the greater its dependence on fuelwood. because in many societies the collection of wood for heating & cooking is a regular task for family members (particularly women & children)

Answer 6

- zero emissions of nuclear gas - reduces reliance on imported fossil fuels - doesn't fluctuate in prices much - constant and reliable - high energy output - massive amounts of raw material available

Answer 7

This has become more and more a concern as climate change rises, so is advantageous

Answer 8

As more countries have become more concerned about energy security, and using lots of fossil fuels can cause geopolitical tensions, it is seen by a number of governments as a tried and tested way of reducing reliance on energy imports.

Answer 9

The fuel for nuclear plants is relatively plentiful and most uranium mines are found in politically stable countries

Answer 10

Is very reliable, and doesn’t fluctuate

Answer 11

Produces huge amount of energy just from one power plant

Answer 12

Basically never will run out because we use much less than the energy produced

Answer 13

- power plant accidents - disposal of storage of radioactive waste - terrorist use of nuclear fuels for weapons - very expensive - increased rates of leukemia for children living near power plants

Answer 14

They can release radiation into the sea, land or air (called nuclear meltdown)

Answer 15

High-level waste is so radioactive that it generates heat and corrodes containers and causes death to people who are exposed to more than a few days, making it super difficult to store and no country has a long term solution for it.

Answer 16

As the number of countries with access to nuclear technology becomes bigger, the probability of a terrorist attack with nuclear weapons does too. Part of the concern is also that some countries which claim to be developing nuclear electricity only may well put themselves in a position to develop nuclear weapons.'

Answer 17

Has a very high capital investment (money needed to set it up) and so not every country can afford it

Answer 18

higher. - 30% or more

Answer 19

The need for low carbon energy becomes more important as climate change becomes more drastic and countries aim to reduce their carbon footprints. Fossil fuels will become depleted Also as the population grows, and economies develop, there will be a higher demand for electricity, and less available fossil fuels, making nuclear energy a great option as it is a reliable and limitless option.

Answer 20

Non renewable resources eventually run out and become completely exhausted and are fossil fuels and nuclear fuels. The burning of them also creates pollution and is the major source of greenhouse gas emissions. Renewable energy resources are mainly forces of nature that are sustainable and which usually cause little or no pollution. They do not exhaust/ are not limited

Answer 21

harnessing the heat closer to the surface within the earth's crust. (hot rocks from volcanoes/found in volcanic zones due to magma near surface)) (over 100º)

Answer 22

Efficient energy production operate with high efficiency, and is not affected by weather conditions, providing a constant supply (generates electricity) Available 24/7 Doesn’t rely on light from the sun, so works 24 hours a day Does Not need large amounts of land Multiple uses Other than electricity generation, it can also be used for direct heating in homes and greenhouses and industrial process

Answer 23

- Not easy to have, located in few areas There are few locations worldwide where significant amounts of energy can be generated- and some of these locations are far from where the energy would be used Total global generation in very small Doesn’t generate enough energy globally for it to be used as a main source of energy

Answer 24

produce electricity by converting the kinetic energy of air in motion into electricity

Answer 25

No greenhouse gas emissions No CO2 or other pollutants released by wind turbines Efficient land use Wind farms can be built on agricultural land which allow farming activities to continue (produces electrical energy)

Answer 26

Negative impact They are large, and bright white so skylines in scenically beautiful areas may be spoiled forever Unreliable Need wind to produce energy Can kill birds Around 500,000 birds die annually due to flying in between the rotating turbine People are Worried that turbines might ruin their homes & hum of turbines disturbs people and wildlife As they're so big, if anything goes wrong, they will cause significant damages to homes, and could also result in being very loud, therefore disturbing people and wildlife living there.

Answer 27

A tunnel through the dam wall at an angle, and the pressure converts potential energy to kinetic energy, spinning turbines

Answer 28

flood control and irrigation Dams used in hydroelectric projects can help control floods and store water for irrigation ( help agriculture) Consistent and reliable It is predictable and consistent as water flow can be controlled, so electricity production is consistent and reliable Works 24/7 Can scale the size Don’t have to make them huge, allowing even small villages to gain electricity

Answer 29

Huge negative visual impact on environment Large dams and power plants can take up a lot of space and be ugly, make the environment less visually attractive Obstruction of river for aquatic life/ sedimentation Man made alterations to the rivers flow mean that aquatic life may no longer find its food, or be able to reach places for migration Large areas being flooded To form the reservoir behind the dam, large areas of land may need to be flooded

Answer 30

wind drives up and down motion of waves and that drives a generator to produce electricity

Answer 31

uses movement of ocean tides to generate electricity

Answer 32

Space efficient Offshore wave farms don’t take up valuable land space Sustainable They’re driven by gravitational forces from the moon and sun, ensuring long term energy supply

Answer 33

High start up cost Investment costs lots Needs a coastal location Needs estuaries If the estuaries are being used for naval purposes, then we can’t use them Not as dependable as nuclear or fossil fuels As wave energy is where generators are placed on the earth’s surface and energy levels are determined by the strength of the waves, its not as predictable or dependable

Answer 34

harness energy from the sun using panels or batteries and converting it into electricity

Answer 35

Long lifespan Solar panels can last 25-30 years, making them a long-term investment Scalable and versatile Can be used at different scales, from household systems to large solar farms Huge scale and efficient There is so much energy and we only need around 1% of it globally

Answer 36

High costs of solar plants High investment costs are needed, as well as needing a lot of land to generate an efficient amount of energy. Not completely reliable Cannot be produced during storms, on cloudy days or at night. Large areas of land are also needed to capture the sun’s energy in order to generate significant amounts of power.

Answer 37

Can be produced locally Many countries can grow crops like sugarcane or corn for biofuel, improving energy security Creates jobs Farming, refining and distributing biofuels creates employment in rural and agricultural sectors

Answer 38

fuels made from plant materials

Answer 39

Greenhouse gas emissions It uses huge amounts of energy, creating greenhouse gas emissions, and also have a lower energy output than traditional fuels Adds to global food crisis Increasing amounts of cropland are used to produce biofuels, which adds to the global food crisis as large amounts of water, land and fertilisers are needed for large-scale crop production. deforestation Cutting the trees for growing the crops leads to deforestation

Answer 40

Because at the moment, there are still high or enough amounts of fossil fuels, and in a lot of countries, they are also producing a large amount of jobs as well as some countries not having incentives or policies to encourage renewable energy usage. Many countries also have energy systems designed for fossil fuels, making it harder to switch, especially if they are not HIC and don’t have the capital to invest (as technology is needed to transport and store renewable energy efficiently) (INERTIA) LACK OF POLITICAL WILL Building solar panels, wind farms, and other renewable energy systems requires a lot of money at the start, and as solar depends on light, wind depends on the wind and wave depends on waves, it is not very reliable, predictable or dependable. As well as needing a more efficient way to to store it for when production is low ( rainy, dark days, calm waters, no wind)

Answer 41

Technology will become more efficient, prices will decrease, and the cumulative installed solar capacity will also increase

Answer 42

proportional share of each source of energy (shown by a pie chart) (where a country gets its energy from)

energy Flashcards

(71 cards)