Energy Stores and Systems Flashcards
Energy (10 cards)
What are the types of energy stores?
- Thermal energy stores
- Chemical energy stores
- Kinetic energy stores
- Gravitational potential energy stores
- Elastic potential energy stores
- Magnetic energy stores
- Electrostatic energy stores
- Nuclear energy stores
These energy stores represent different ways energy can be stored in an object or system.
How is energy transferred?
- Mechanically (by a force doing work)
- Electrically (work done by moving charges)
- By heating
- By radiation (e.g., light, sound)
These methods describe how energy moves from one system or object to another.
What is a ‘system’ in the context of energy transfer?
A single object or a group of objects that are being analyzed for energy transfer.
Examples include the air in a piston or two colliding vehicles.
What happens to energy in a closed system?
The net change in the total energy is always zero.
Closed systems do not allow matter or energy to enter or leave.
How is energy transferred by heating?
Energy is transferred to a substance’s thermal energy store, causing a temperature change.
Example: Boiling water in a kettle.
What is ‘work done’ in the context of energy transfer?
Work done is energy transferred; they are the same thing.
Work can occur through a current flowing or a force moving an object.
What occurs when a ball is thrown upwards?
Energy is transferred from the chemical energy store of the person’s arm to the ball’s kinetic energy store.
The initial force exerted by the person does work on the ball.
How does gravitational force affect a falling ball?
It does work, causing energy to be transferred from the ball’s gravitational potential energy store to its kinetic energy store.
This illustrates the conversion of energy types due to gravitational force.
What happens to energy when a car slows down due to brakes?
Energy is transferred from the wheels’ kinetic energy stores to the thermal energy store of the surroundings.
This is a result of friction between the car’s brakes and the wheels.
What happens in a collision between a car and a stationary object?
Energy is transferred from the car’s kinetic energy store to other energy stores, such as gravitational potential and thermal energy stores.
Some energy may also be lost as sound waves.
