Enzymes And Digestion

Question 1

Enzymes

Answer 1

Proteins that act as Biological Catalysts

Question 2

Catalyst

Answer 2

A Substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change.

Question 3

Substrate

Answer 3

A Molecule that is acted upon by an Enzyme

Question 4

Active Site

Answer 4

The part of an Enzyme Molecule into which the Substrate Molecule fits because they have complementary shapes.

Question 5

Complementary

Answer 5

Shapes which fit into eachother

Question 6

Lock and Key model

Answer 6

Model used to explain how an Enzyme reacts with its Substrate

Question 7

Enzyme Specificity

Answer 7

The ability of an Enzyme to Catalyse only one type of Substrate

Question 8

Carbohydrase

Answer 8

Enzyme that breaks down Carbohydrates to Glucose

Question 9

Amylase

Answer 9

Enzyme that breaks down Starch into Glucose

Question 10

Protease

Answer 10

Enzyme that breaks down Protein to Amino Acids

Question 11

Lipase

Answer 11

Enzyme that breaks down Lipids to Fatty Acids and Glycerol

Question 12

Inhibitor

Answer 12

Molecule which fits into the active site of and enzyme and stops the normal substrate entering so reducing the reaction rate of the enzyme.

Question 13

Optimum

Answer 13

The value of a factor which allows a reaction to occur at its fastest rate.

Question 14

Denaturation

Answer 14

An irreversible change in the shape of an enzyme which means it is no longer complementary to the substrate and cannot catalyse the reaction.

Question 15

Thermostable enzymes

Answer 15

Enzymes that are able to function over a wide range of temperatures without being broken down.

Question 16

Digestion

Answer 16

Enzymes breaking down large, complex molecules into small, simple soluble ones which can be absorbed.

Question 17

Commercial uses of enzymes:

Answer 17

Pre-digested food for babies
Extracting juice from fruit
Making lactose-free products