Enzymes, Metabolism, and Nomenclature

Question 1

Catabolism and anabolism make up

Answer 1

metabolism

Question 2

takes large molecules and makes them smaller

Answer 2

catabolism

Question 3

takes small molecules and makes them larger

Answer 3

anabolism

Question 4

enzymes

Answer 4

catalyze all metabolic reactions

Question 5

method of metabolic control in which end product of a pathway acts as an inhibitor of an enzyme of that pathway

Answer 5

feedback inhibition

Question 6

The __________ inhibitor binds to the active site and prevents the substrate from binding there. The _________ inhibitor binds to a different site on the enzyme; it doesn’t block substrate binding, but it causes other changes in the enzyme so that it can no longer catalyze the reaction efficiently.

Answer 6

competitive, non competitive

Question 7

An ____ ______ is an enzyme that contains a region to which small, regulatory molecules (“effectors”) may bind in addition to and separate from the substrate binding site and thereby affect the catalytic activity.

Answer 7

allosteric enzyme

Question 8

the human body’s temperature is around what degrees?

Answer 8

37

Question 9

Psychrophiles are found in extremely cold, human body, hot, or extremely hot temperatures?

Answer 9

extremely cold

Question 10

mesophiles are found in extremely cold, human body, hot, or extremely hot temperatures?

Answer 10

human body

Question 11

Thermophiles are found in extremely cold, human body, hot, or extremely hot temperatures?

Answer 11

hot

Question 12

Hyperthermophiles are found in extremely cold, human body, hot, or extremely hot temperatures?

Answer 12

extremely hot

Question 13

what are enzymes that are found in acidic environments called?

Answer 13

acidophiles

Question 14

what are enzymes found in neutral environments called?

Answer 14

neutrophiles

Question 15

what are enzymes found in basic environments called?

Answer 15

alkaliphiles

Question 16

A humans go tract continues what type of ph nomenclature enzymes?

Answer 16

acidophiles

Question 17

Bacteria prefer a slightly ___tonic condition.

Answer 17

hyper

Question 18

Hypertonic

Answer 18

high solvent in low solute (raisin)

Question 19

hypotonic

Answer 19

grape

Question 20

MUST have large amounts of salt in order to survive

Answer 20

halophiles

Question 21

needs O to grow

Answer 21

obligate aerobe

Question 22

cannot grow if O is present

Answer 22

obligate anaerobe

Question 23

can grow if O is present or absent but prefers that O be present

Answer 23

facultative anaerobes

Question 24

aerobic respiration

Answer 24

glucose->glycolysis->pyruvate->Krebs cycle->Co2 ETC

Question 25

glycolysis produces how many ATP

Answer 25

2

Question 26

pyruvate produces how many ATP in aerobic respiration

Answer 26

36

Question 27

ETS produces how many ATP

Answer 27

30+

Question 28

starts with glucose and O2 ends with H20 and CO2

Answer 28

non photosynthesis respiration

Question 29

starts with H20 and CO2 and ends with glucose and O2

Answer 29

photosynthesis

Question 30

anaerobic respiration

Answer 30

respiration without O2

Question 31

Which process of respiration is more efficient?

Answer 31

Aerobic

Question 32

glycolysis->2ATP->pyruvate-> 2ATP->fermentation 2ATP (total of 4 ATP)

Answer 32

anaerobic respiration

Question 33

Without O2 which respiration process cannot occur

Answer 33

ETS and Krebs

Question 34

Fermentation happens with 2 types

Answer 34

lactic acid and alcohol

Question 35

Glycolysis occurs inside, outside or in the membrane of the cell?

Answer 35

outside

Question 36

Pyruvate occurs inside, outside or in the membrane of the cell?

Answer 36

inside

Question 37

Krebs occurs inside, outside or in the membrane of the cell?

Answer 37

inside

Question 38

Fermentation occurs inside, outside or in the membrane of the cell?

Answer 38

inside

Question 39

ETS occurs inside, outside or in the membrane of the cell?

Answer 39

in the membrane

Question 40

Binomial nomenclature

Answer 40

First letter capitalized, second word lowercase, either italicized or underlined

Question 41

pathogenic means

Answer 41

infectious

Question 42

virulence

Answer 42

severity of disease

Question 43

disease

Answer 43

differing from normal

Question 44

bacteria are measured in

Answer 44

micrometers

Question 45

fungi are measured in

Answer 45

mm/cm/m

Question 46

viruses are measured in

Answer 46

nano meters

Question 47

order of size from large to small (virus, bacterium, fungus)

Answer 47

fungi>bacteria>virus