epilepsy

Question 1

pathology of seizures?

Answer 1

• idiopathic
• genetuc
• metabolic
• trauma
• cerebral palsy

Question 2

main types of epilepsy in children?

Answer 2

• absence seizures
• infantile spasms
• lennox-gastaut syndrome aka atonic seizures
• benign rollandic
• juvenile myoclonic

Question 3

describe absence seizures

Answer 3

pt becomes blank, stares into space and then abruptly returns to normal

typically only last 10-20 seconds

Question 4

typical age of absence seizures?

Answer 4

3-12 years

Question 5

what are infantile spasms aka west syndrome?

Answer 5

clusters of full body spasms

Question 6

prognosis of west syndrome

Answer 6

1/3 die by 25 and 1/3 are seizure free

Question 7

typical age of west syndrome?

Answer 7

4-6months

Question 8

treatment of infantile spasms?

Answer 8

• prednisolone
  *

Question 9

what is the presentation of lennox-gastaut syndrome

Answer 9

atonic seizures aka drop attacks, characterised by brief lapses in muscle tone

Question 10

typical age of lennox-gastaut?

Answer 10

1-5 years

Question 11

most common type of focal epilepsy in children?

Answer 11

benign rollandic

Question 12

typical age of benign rollandic epilepsy?

Answer 12

3-10

Question 13

how does benign rollandic present?

Answer 13

• awake
  
  • twitching / numbness/ tingling of one side of child’s face or arm
• during sleep
  
  • tonic clonic seizures

Question 14

prognosis of benign rollandic seizures?

Answer 14

stop by adolescence

Question 15

mx of benign rollandic

Answer 15

carbamazepine

Question 16

presentation of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

Answer 16

myoclonic seizures

-sudden brief muscle contractions

Question 17

typical age of juvenile myoclonic?

Answer 17

10-12

Question 18

treatment of juvenile myoclonic?

Answer 18

boys- valproate

girls-lamotrigine