Epithelial Tissue Flashcards

(48 cards)

1
Q

tissue

A

group of cells that are similar in structure and perform a related function

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2
Q

histology

A

study of tissues

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3
Q

four main types of tissue

A

epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous

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4
Q

epithelial tissue

A

forms boundaries between different environments, protects, secretes, absorbs, and filters

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5
Q

apical surface

A

borders open space

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6
Q

basal surface

A

next to underlying connective tissue

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7
Q

epithelial form

A

continuous sheets of cells held together by tight junctions and desmosomes

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8
Q

polarity

A

distinct apical and basal surfaces

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9
Q

support layer

A

basement membrane (basal and reticular lamina)

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10
Q

avascular

A

no blood vessels

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11
Q

innervated

A

supplied by nerve fibers

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12
Q

regenerative

A

rapidly replaces lost cell by cell division

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13
Q

6 aspects of epithelial tissue

A

form, polarity, support layer, avascular, innervated, regenerative

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14
Q

purpose of epithelial tissue

A

covers body surface or lines a cavity
1. protection
2. absorption
3. filtration
4. excretion
5. secretion
6. sensory reception

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15
Q

two kinds of epithelial tissue

A

simple- absorption, secretion, and filtration
stratified- protection

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16
Q

classification of epithelia

A

squamous
cuboidal
columnar

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17
Q

what does the nuclei look like in the different types of epithelia

A

shape of nuclei conforms to the shape of the cell

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18
Q

which epithelia is best for protection?

A

stratified

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19
Q

which type of epithelia is best for diffusion of gases?

A

simple

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20
Q

which type of epithelia is best for sensory reception?

21
Q

which type is best for packed layers of protection

22
Q

which is best for secretion

A

cuboidal or columnar

23
Q

which portion of epithelial cell in stomach would food be in contact?

A

apical surface

24
Q

structure of simple squamous

A

single layer of flattened cells
disc-shaped nuclei and sparse cytoplasm

25
functions of simple squamous
diffusion and filtration provides a friction-reducing lining in lymphatic and cardiovascular systems
26
where is simple squamous found
present in lungs, kidney glomeruli, lining of heart, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and serosae
27
endothelium
capillaries, lining of lymphatic vessels, blood vessels, and heart
28
mesothelium
serous membranes lining organs and cavities
29
structure of simple cuboidal
single layer of cube like cells large, spherical nuclei
30
functions of simple cuboidal
secretion and absorption
31
where is simple cuboidal found?
kidney tubules, ducts, and secretory portions of small glands, ovary surface
32
structure of simple columnar
single layer of tall cells oval nuclei many contain microvilli, some have cilia
33
function of simple columnar
absorption and secretion of mucus non-ciliated line entire digestive tract, gallbladder, excretory ducts ciliated line small bronchi, uterine tubules, and part of uterus
34
structure of pseudostratified columnar
single layer of cells cells have different heights nuclei are seen at different layers
35
function of pseudostratified columnar
secretion, absorption, propulsion non ciliated in sperm carrying ducts and ducts of glands ciliated present in trachea, upper respiratory tract
36
structure of stratified squamous
thick membrane composed of several layers of cells basal are more cuboidal, apical are squamous
37
function of stratified squamous
protection of areas subject to abrasion keratinized cells- outer layer of skin non-keratinized cells- moist linings of esophagus, mouth, and vagina
38
structure of transitional
basal cells are cuboidal/columnar surface cells are dome shaped, can stretch to squamous
39
function of transitional
lines the urinary bladder, ureters, and part of urethra stretches to permit the distension of the urinary bladder/greater flow through tubes
40
gland
produces and secretes fluid
41
endocrine
internal gland lose their ducts during development, secrete hormones into fluid and then enter bloodstream secrete through exocytosis
42
exocrine
external gland retain connecting cells, which form a duct that transports secretions to surface
43
examples of endocrine glands
thyroid, pancreatic beta islet cells, ovaries, pituitary gland
44
how do hormones travel
through blood and lymph vessels to other organs
45
examples of exocrine glands
mucous, sweat, oil, saliva, bile, digestive enzymes
46
goblet cell
unicellular gland secretes mucin
47
classifications of multicellular exocrine glands
simple, compound, tubular, alveolar
48
modes of secretion
exocytosis- move contents to surface, release contents to extracellular space (duct) cell rupture- cell fills with secretion, reaches duct, whole cell falls apart, releases contents to duct