Ethics in Research

Question 1

Ethics

Answer 1

The correct rules of conduct necessary when carrying out research - connection to mora responsibility against harm

Question 2

Acronym of ethics in research (6)

Answer 2

Can - consent
Do - deception
Can’t - confidentiality
Do - debriefing
With - withdrawal
Participants - protection: undue stress/harm

Question 3

Informed consent (3 elements)

Answer 3

Whenever possible, investigation should obtain consent of participants - who need to know what it is they are agreeing to before the study begins
1. Information - general knowledge on the study
2. Comprehension - their understanding of the knowledge
3. Voluntariness - after the first two steps, are they willing to participate

Question 4

Debrief

Answer 4

After the research is over, participants should be able to discuss the procedure and findings with the psychologist
* must be told aim, explained results, told if they have been decieved, any questions have to be answered honestly

Question 5

Protection of participants

Answer 5

Researchers must ensure that those taking part in research will not be caused distress - no physical or mental harm
* no embarassment, frightenment, offence, harm
* risk of harm should be no greater than ordinary life

Question 6

Deception (3 types)

Answer 6

The researcher should avoid deceiving participants about the nature of the research unless there is no alternative – need to be judged accepted by an independent expert
1. deliberate misleading
2. desceptive instructions
3. deception by omission (failure to disclose full information)

Question 7

Confidentiality

Answer 7

Participants, and the data gained from them must be kept anonymous unless they give their full
consent
* no names should be used in report unless someone is in danger of being hurt

Question 8

Withdrawal

Answer 8

Participants should be able to leave a study at any time if they feel uncomfortable - allowed to withdraw their data
* should be told at start of right to withdraw
* not be pressured to continue