eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells Flashcards
(11 cards)
What are bacteria classified as?
Prokaryotic cells
Bacteria are among the simplest of organisms and consist of single cells.
What type of cells are found in animals, plants, and fungi?
Eukaryotic cells
Eukaryotic cells have a more complex structure than prokaryotic cells.
What is the size range of most eukaryotic cells?
5 μm – 100 μm
Eukaryotic cells are generally larger than prokaryotic cells.
What is the size range of most prokaryotic cells?
0.2 μm – 2.0 μm
Prokaryotic cells are typically much smaller than eukaryotic cells.
What surrounds the cell membrane of plant and fungal eukaryotic cells?
Cell wall
The cell wall provides structural support and protection.
What are the contents of eukaryotic cells?
Cytoplasm, cell organelles including mitochondria, chloroplasts in plants, and ribosomes
These organelles perform various functions essential for cell survival.
What is the genetic material configuration in eukaryotic cells?
DNA in a nucleus
Some simple eukaryotic organisms may also contain plasmids.
How is genetic material organized in prokaryotic cells?
DNA is a single molecule, found free in the cytoplasm
Additional DNA may be found on one or more rings called plasmids.
What type of cell division occurs in eukaryotic cells?
Mitosis
Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells.
What type of cell division occurs in prokaryotic cells?
Binary fission
Binary fission is a simpler process of reproduction in prokaryotes.
What group of organisms are also classified as prokaryotic?
Archaea
Archaea are distinct from bacteria and have unique characteristics.
