Eukaryotic Micro Exam 1

Question 1

General

what is the theory that eukaryotes appeared 2 billion years ago?

Answer 1

symbiosis

Question 2

organelles

what are the organelles in a eukaryotic cell?

EPR, GA, M, C

Answer 2

• endoplasmic rectilium (Smooth and Rough)
• golgi apparatus
• mitochondria
• chloroplasts

Question 3

organelles

what are the locomotor organelles in a eukaryotic cell?

F ans C

Answer 3

• flagella
• Cilia

Question 4

organelles

what composes the cytoskeleton in the eukaryotic cell?

form a network throughout the cytoplasm

Answer 4

• microtubules
• microfilaments

Question 5

organelles

what are lysosomes?

lys-

Answer 5

vesicles containing enzymes that originate from the Golgi apparatus, involved in intracellular digestion of food particles

Question 6

organelles

what are vacuoles?

vacuum

Answer 6

membrane-bound sacs containing particles to be digested, excreted or stored

Question 7

organelles

what are phagosomes

Answer 7

membrane bound vacuoles containing ingested molecules becomes merged with the lysosome

Question 8

organelles

what is chloroplast?

Answer 8

it converts energy of the sun into chemical energy through photosynthesis can be found in plants and algae

Question 9

organelles

endoplasmic reticulum

rough? smooth?

Answer 9

rough- continuous net work through cytoplasm from the nuclear membrane to the Golgi; has ribosomes
smooth- Close tubluar Netwerk without ribosomes functions in nutrient processing, synthesis in storage of lipids

Question 10

organelles

Golgi apparatus

mailman

Answer 10

modifies stores and packs proteins. consist of a stack of flattened sacs called cisternae

Question 11

organelles

mitochondria

powerhouse

Answer 11

produces and stores ATP, Crystal membrane holds the enzymes and electron carriers of aerobic respiration

Question 12

organelles

ribosome

rRNA

Answer 12

functions in proteins synthesis

Question 13

cell wall

describe a cell wall in a eukaryotic cell?

only in some eukaryotic microogranisms
fungi? Algae?

Answer 13

• provides structural support and shape
• fungi have thick inner layer of polysaccharide fibers composed of chitin or celluloseand a thin layer of glycan
• Algae theories in chemical compositio, substance is commonly found in cellulose pectin, silicon dioxide, calcium carbonate

Question 14

fungi

what are the different morphology of fungi?

M, Y

Answer 14

• mold
• yeast

Question 15

Fungi

mold

Answer 15

• multicellular
• Long filamentous threads of fungi ate called hyphae produced by releasing spores
• woven or interwining masses of hyphae are called mycelium

Question 16

fungi

yeasts

Answer 16

• unicellular
• asexual reproduction by producing buds
• some have chains of buds attached in a row called pseudohyphae

some exist in both forms depending upon temperature

Question 17

fungi

what is fungi’s nutritional diet?

autotroph or heteotrophs

Answer 17

• all fungi are heterotrophs ( do not produce their own food)
• majority are harmless

Question 18

fungi

what is mycoses?

Answer 18

fungal infection

Question 19

asexual spore formation

what are sporangiospores?

Answer 19

formed by successive cleavages within a sac like head called sporangium

Question 20

asexual spore formation

what is conidiospores (conidia)?

Answer 20

free spores not enclosed by spore bearing sac

Question 21

sexual formation

how are spores produced sexually?

Answer 21

following fusion of two different strains in formation of sexual structure

Question 22

protozoa

what is the morphology of protozoa?

M, A, C, A

Answer 22

• mastigophorans ( F)
• amoebas (PP)
• ciliophorans (C)
• apicomplexans (NM)

moblity

Question 23

fungal classification

what are the diffrent phyla based upon the type of sexual reproduction?

Z, A, B, C

Answer 23

1. phylum zygomycota
2. ascomycota
3. basidiomycota
4. chytridomycota

Question 24

protozoa

what are the characteristics of ciliophora?

living? mobility?

Answer 24

-motile by cilia
- some have cilia for feeding an attachment most develop cyst

Question 25

# protista what does the kingdom of Protista consist of?

Answer 25

- algae - protozoa

Question 26

# Protista (algae) what is algae?

Answer 26

Eukaryotic organisms usually unicelluar and colonial that photosynthesizes with chlorophylla

Question 27

# protists (algae) what are the characteristics of algae? | free living? unicellualr or multi? pigment?

Answer 27

- photosynthetic organisms - microscopic forms are unicellular, colonial and filamentous - most of free living - microscopic forms are colonial and multicellular - contains chloroplast with chlorophyll and other pigments - has a cell wall but may not have a flagella

Question 28

# protozoa What are the characteristics of protozoa? | cellular? harm level? autotrophic or heterotrophic

Answer 28

- most are unicellular - most are harmless - some are animal parasites that can be spread by and insect vector - all are heterotrophic

Question 29

# protozoa what are the characteristics of mastigophora ? | living? mobility? nucleus?

Answer 29

- flagella - single nucleus - free living

Question 30

# protozoa what are the characteristics of amoebas? | living? mobility?

Answer 30

- pseudopods - asexual reproduction by fission -most amoebas are free living and not infectious

Question 31

# protozoa what are the characteristics of apicomplexa? | living? mobility?

Question 32

# parasitic helminths what are the characteristics of parasitic helminths? | cellular?

Answer 32

- multicellular - parasitize host tissues - have mouth parts for attachment

Question 33

# parasitic helminths what are the major groups of parasitic helminths?

Answer 33

- flatworms - roundworms

Question 34

# parasitic helminths what are the characteristics of flatworms? | shape? systems?

Answer 34

- flat with no digestive track or blood pouchs simple excretory and nervous system

Question 35

# parasitic helminths what are the two subdivisions for flat worm? | C, T

Answer 35

- cestodes (tapeworms) - trematodes (flukes)

Question 36

# parasitic helminths what are the characteristics of roundworms (nematods) | shape? systems?

Answer 36

- round, has a complete digestive track and a protective surface cuticle - has spines and hooks on the mouth - exrectory snd nervous system are poorly developed

Question 37

# parasitic helminths what is the subdivision for roundworms? | PW

Answer 37

enterobius vermicularis (pin worm)

Question 38

# parasitic helminths how are parasitic helminths acquired?

Answer 38

- through ingestion of larva or eggs and food from soil or water and some are cured by insect vectors