Evolution

Question 1

What is microevolution?

Answer 1

Evolution observed at the species level or above.

Question 2

What is the genus and species of all dogs?

Answer 2

Canis Lupus Familiaris

Question 3

What species are humans in?

Answer 3

Homo sapiens

Question 4

What do microevolutionary studies often use?

Answer 4

Genetic investigations that examine physical, behavioral, and physiological traits.

Question 5

What is macroevolution?

Answer 5

Examines the species and above.

Question 6

What is natural selection?

Answer 6

First supported mechanism for evolution.

Question 7

What is evolution?

Answer 7

Changes in population over generations.

Question 8

Who was natural selection developed by?

Answer 8

Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace

Question 9

What are the requirements for natural selection?

Answer 9

1. Inheritable variations of traits
2. Not all survive or reproduce
3. Gradual changes in population over time
4. Consistent traits

Question 10

What are the outcomes of natural selection?

Answer 10

New types and species over time.

Question 11

What is transmutation?

Answer 11

Formation of new species.

Question 12

Where was support for natural selection found?

Answer 12

Comparative anatomy, embryology, fossil records, biogeography, and molecular support.

Question 13

What is comparative anatomy?

Answer 13

How traits resemble yet differ in form and function Ex: Teeth

Question 14

What is embryology?

Answer 14

The formation and development of an embryo.

Question 15

How does embryology support natural selection?

Answer 15

There are similar embryology developmental stages in animals.

Question 16

How do fossil records support natural selection?

Answer 16

Supports a common history of different organisms. Many transitional forms connecting old organisms with new organisms.

Question 17

Who was Thomas Huxley?

Answer 17

A scientist who linked birds to dinosaurs with the Archaeopteryx.

Question 18

What is convergent evolution?

Answer 18

2 different organisms with distinct lineages having similar forms due to natural selection.

Question 19

How does biogeography help with natural selection?

Answer 19

Shows how different organisms were distributed about the planet.

Question 20

What is molecular support for evolution?

Answer 20

DNA sequence comparisons, fingerprinting, protein sequences, and RNA

Question 21

What did Carl Woese produce?

Answer 21

The first genetic tree of life.

Question 22

What are the 3 modern domains of life?

Answer 22

Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya

Question 23

What is an example of natural selection?

Answer 23

Pronghorns the fastest animal in North America became fast from now extinct cheetahs in North America.

Question 24

What is migration in evolution?

Answer 24

The mixing and interbreeding of 2 different populations.

Question 25

What is the gene flow?

Answer 25

The mixing of population genetics with one another.

Question 26

What is a genetic drift?

Answer 26

Random changes in a population’s allele frequencies.

Question 27

What is an example of a genetic drift?

Answer 27

Cheetah’s suffered from a disease in the 1900s causing a population crash.

Fruit fly from Asia landed in Hawaii and 1000 species came from one species.

Question 28

What is considered to be the ultimate source of genetic variation?

Answer 28

Mutations

Question 29

What are the 3 outcomes of mutation?

Answer 29

Neutral - No impact on survival ex: tongue rolling
Detrimental - Decrease survival ex: cytosine fibrosis
Beneficial - Increase survival

Question 30

What is non-random mating?

Answer 30

Produces distinctions between male and female traits in animals. Female selects the male with the best physical traits.

Ex: Elk and deer have antlers