Exam 1 CXR

Question 1

An overexposed CXR will be ____ in nature & ____ can be seen very well?

Answer 1

• Too dark
• Bones

Question 2

An underexposed CXR will be ____ in nature & the ___ ___ can be seen very well?

Answer 2

• Too white
• small pulmonary structures

Question 3

Obese patients will create what kind of CXR exposure?

Answer 3

Underexposure

Question 4

In which view will the heart appear larger?

Answer 4

AP (anterior to posterior) view

Question 5

At what rough landmark will the diaphragm appear on a CXR?

Answer 5

T8- T10

Question 6

What is the system to look at a CXR from least to most importance?

Answer 6

• Abdomen
• Thorax
• Mediastinum
• Individual lung
• Bilateral lung

Question 7

What is an easy way to see if the Pt is rotated on a CXR?

Answer 7

Look at the trachea and/or cervical spine

Question 8

Anterior ribs will be slanted ___ & posterior ribs will be slanted ___ on a CXR?

Answer 8

• Down
• up

Question 9

The heart is about ___ the size of the chest?

Answer 9

1/3

Question 10

Which side of the diaphragm tends to be higher?

Answer 10

The right side

Question 11

Normal air under the diaphragm tends to be ___?

Answer 11

Unilateral

Question 12

A lateral CXR view is better to assess which lobes?

Answer 12

The right lobes

Question 13

What area does the RUL cover?

Answer 13

Upper 1/3 of the right lung

Question 14

The RUL extends to the first ___ posterior ribs & to the ___ of the anterior ribs?

Answer 14

• 3-5
• 4th

Question 15

The RML has what kind of shape on a lateral CXR?

Answer 15

A triangle shape

Question 16

Where is the RML the narrowest?

Answer 16

Near the Hilum

Question 17

The RLL extends anteriorly to ____ & posteriorly to ____?

Answer 17

• Diaphragm
• 6th thoracic vertebrae

Question 18

What separates the RUL & RML?

Answer 18

The Minor Fissure (Horizontal fissure)

Question 19

What separates the right 3 lobes?

Answer 19

The Major Fissure (Oblique fissure)

Question 20

What separates the 2 left lobes?

Answer 20

The Major Fissure (Oblique fissure)

Question 21

Where is the restrosternal space?

Answer 21

In front of the heart/aortic arch

Question 22

What is the silhoutette sign?

Answer 22

It is the loss of an outline of a particular structure

Question 23

Why do we see the trachea & proximal bronchi but not the lung bronchi?

Answer 23

• The trachea & proximal bronchi are surrounded by soft tissue density.
• The lung bronchi are surrounded by air density.

Question 24

What is an air bronchogram sign?

Answer 24

• Visualization of air in the intrapulmonary bronchi.
• It indicates an abnormal CXR because sift tissue is surrounding the bronchi.

Question 25

A normal heart will have ___ of its size to the right of the sternum & ___ of its size on the left side of the sternum?

Answer 25

- 1/3 - 2/3

Question 26

What are the examples of localized liquid densities?

Answer 26

- Infiltrates - Consolidation - Cavitation (Lesions) - Mass - Congestion - Atelectasis

Question 27

What are examples of generalized liquid densities?

Answer 27

- Diffuse alveolar - Diffuse interstitial - Mixed, Vascular

Question 28

What are examples of increased air densities?

Answer 28

- Localized airway obstruction - Diffuse airway obstruction - Emphysema - Bulla

Question 29

What is lobar consolidation?

Answer 29

Alveolar space filled with inflammatory exudate

Question 30

What are examples of lobar consolidation?

Answer 30

- Secretions - sinusitis - Pneumonia (most common)

Question 31

What is atelectasis?

Answer 31

Loss of air (no ventilation of the area)

Question 32

What are the stages of evaluating an abnormality?

Answer 32

- Identification of abnormal shadows. - Localization of lesion. - Identification of pathological process. - Identification of etiology. - Confirmation of clinical suspension

Question 33

Which diaphragm side is more common to have free air under it?

Answer 33

The right side

Question 34

What is the Ghon Complex & what does it present?

Answer 34

Indicative of TB & looks like calcified nodules

Question 35

Lung masses will appear as what kind of structures?

Answer 35

Round shapes & usually calcified

Question 36

What will be seen on a Pneumomediastinum?

Answer 36

- Air in the mediastinum. - Will see a thin line around the heart

Question 37

What will be seen in a Pneumothorax?

Answer 37

The outline of the particular lobe/s pressed towards the center of the chest

Question 38

What is the deep sulcus sign?

Answer 38

- Indicator of a pneumothorax on a supine CXR. - The costophrenic angle will appear deep, lucent & possibly lower & sharper than usual.

Question 39

How can one tell if a coin is in the esophagus?

Answer 39

- The face of the coin will sit flat against the C-Ring of the trachea. - Flat side will face anteriorly.

Question 40

How can one tell if a coin is in the trachea?

Answer 40

The flat sides of the coin will face laterally (towards the ouside).

Question 41

What is the bat wing sign?

Answer 41

Bilateral pulmonary edema/consolidations.

Question 42

What will be seen on a CXR with an aortic dissection?

Answer 42

- A widened mediastinum - The heart will deviate to the Pt’s left

Question 43

What is Chilaiditi sign?

Answer 43

- Diaphragm rupture - Gas or bowel will appear under the diaphragm

Question 44

What will an esophageal rupture look like on a CXR?

Answer 44

It looks like sub-Q air around the trachea

Question 45

What is Boerhaave’s sign?

Answer 45

Esophageal rupture secondary to forceful vomiting

Question 46

What does a pulmonary lesion look like on a CXR?

Answer 46

Like a circle with a calcified ring.

Question 47

What does TB look like on a CXR, where does it start & it’s location?

Answer 47

- Like cotton. - Starts at Hilum - Tends to be bilateral

Question 48

Tumors are usually what shape?

Answer 48

Round