Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Microbio 3220 > Exam 1 - Lecture 6 > Flashcards

Exam 1 - Lecture 6 Flashcards

1
Q

true or false: protists are monophyletic.

A

false; they’re polyphyletic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

are most protists uni- or multicellular?

A

unicellular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

true or false: protists can be eukarya, bacteria, or archaea.

A

false, all protists are eukarya

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the six eukaryotic supergroups?

A
  • Excavata
  • Chromalveolata
  • Rhizaria
  • Archaeplastida
  • Amoebozoa
  • Opisthokonta
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what kind of environment do protists normally live in?

A

moist environments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are saprophytes?

A

organisms that obtain nutrients from dead organic matter through enzymatic degradation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are four ways that protists can acquire nutrients?

A
  • holozoic nutrition (phagocytosis)
  • photosynthesis
  • saprophyte nutrition
  • mixotrophic (organic and inorganic sources)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the name of the plasma membrane in protists?

A

the plasmalemma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are the two parts of the subdivided cytoplasm that you might find in a protist?

A

ectoplasm (outer gelatinous layer) and endoplasm (inner fluid region)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the two main groups in Excavata?

A

discoba and metamonada

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what pathogenic protist causes diarrhea? what supergroup is it a part of specifically?

A
  • Giardia intestinalis
  • Excavata (Metamonada)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what protist causes Trichomoniasis (STI)? what supergroup is it part of?

A
  • Trichomonas vaginalis
  • Excavata (Metamonada)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what protist causes Leishmaniasis? what supergroup is it part of?

A
  • Leishmania
  • Excavata (Discoba)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what protist causes Chagas’ disease? what supergroup is it part of?

A
  • Trypanosoma cruzi
  • Excavata (Discoba)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

which protists cause African sleeping sickness? what supergroup are they part of?

A
  • Trypanosoma gambiense and T. rhodesiense
  • Excavata (Discoba)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what protist causes amebic dysentery? what supergroup is it part of?

A
  • Entamoeba histolytica
  • Amoebazoa
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what supergroup is Dictyostelium discoideum part of?

A

Amoebozoa

18
Q

what is convergent evolution?

A

the process of distantly related organisms independently evolving similar traits to adapt to similar pressures

19
Q

what are the three subgroups of Chromoalveolata?

A
  • Alveolata
  • Stremenopiles
  • Haptophyta
20
Q

what distinguishes apicomplexans?

A

their unipolar, apical complex

21
Q

apicomplexans are almost always _________

A

parasitic

22
Q

malaria is caused by what apicomplexan?

A

Plasmodium

23
Q

what four groups are a part of the supergroup Archaeplastida?

A
  • land plants
  • red algae
  • green algae
  • glaucophyte algae
24
Q

true or false: fungi are monophyletic.

A

true

25
Q

true or false: fungi can reproduce sexually and asexually.

A

true

26
Q

what are mycoses?

A

diseases caused by fungi

27
Q

what are the six major fungal groups?

A
  • Chytridiomycota
  • Zygomycota
  • Glomeromycota
  • Ascomycota
  • Basidiomycota
  • Microsporidia
28
Q

which of the six major fungal groups are paraphyletic?

A

Zygomycota and Chytridiomycota

29
Q

what do mycorrhizae form symbiotic relationships with?

A

plant roots

30
Q

what do lichens form symbiotic relationships with?

A

algae or cyanobacteria

31
Q

what are three things decomposers do?

A
  • degrade complex material
  • produce simple organic compounds and inorganic molecules
  • C, N, P, and other critical constituents are recycled for other living organisms
32
Q

what are five way fungi help industrially?

A
  • fermentation
  • antibiotics
  • immunosuppressive agents
  • organic acids
  • certain drugs
33
Q

what organism is used in research as a model eukaryotic system?

A

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast)

34
Q

multicellular fungi are called:

A

molds

35
Q

single-celled, microscopic fungi are called:

A

yeasts

36
Q

what are the three components of the fungal cell wall?

A
  • chitin
  • beta-glucans
  • proteins (glycoproteins)
37
Q

the largest organism on earth is a:

A

fungus!

38
Q

what is the thallus in multicellular fungi? what does it consist of?

A
  • the body/vegetative structure
  • it consists of long, branched hyphae
39
Q

true or false: hyphae can have septate, or not have septate.

A

true

40
Q

in septate hyphae, there are ______ to allow cytoplasmic streaming between cells.

A

pores

Microbio 3220 (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions