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Dental Hygiene 2 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Used to carry out the purpose and function of the instrument

Blade

A

Working End

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2
Q

A very fine line where surfaces meet

A

cutting edge

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3
Q

Surfaces meet or are continuous to form the back of the instrument

A

lateral surfaces

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4
Q

Connects the working end with the handle

A

Shank

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5
Q

What shape of shanks are for unrestricted areas?

A

Straight shanks

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6
Q

What shape of shanks are for more restricted areas?

A

Angled shanks

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7
Q

Section of the shank adjacent to the blade. It is sometimes elongated to give better access to deeper pockets

A

Lower or terminal shank

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8
Q

Overall design

A

Handle

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9
Q

Has one working end

A

Single-ended instrument

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10
Q

May have paired or complementary working ends

A

Double-ended instrument

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11
Q

Are separable from the shank and working end. They permit instrument exchanges and replacements

A

Cone socket

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12
Q

Hollow handles are lighter and are preferred to solid handles because they have an enhanced tactile sensitivity and lessen fatigue

A

Weight

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13
Q

The ideal instrument for comfort and best tactile sensitivity

A

Light weight, serrated, hollow handle

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14
Q

The school or individual responsible for the design or development

A

Design name

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15
Q

The traditional number used to identify the specific instrument

A

Design number

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16
Q

Gracey after 5’s

A

Shank is 3mm longer

Pocket depths beyond 5mm

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17
Q

Treatment sequence of instruments

A 
Explorer
Ultra-Sonic
Scaler
Universal Curet
Area Specific(Gracey's)
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18
Q

Curets (in general)

A

One or two cutting edges on a curved blade
Curved around to meet the toe
Face is flat
Back is rounded
70-80
Shank (Anterior teeth)- flat plane
Shank (Posterior teeth)- angled for access to proximal surfaces

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19
Q

Can be adapted on any tooth surface
Face : 90 degree angle
Cutting edge: continuous around the face; used on both sides

A

Universal curet

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20
Q 
Designed for adaptation to specific surfaces
Paired mirror image
Face: offset, 70 degree angle
Cutting edge: continuous around the face
Made for deeper pockets
A

Area Specific

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21
Q

Standard instrument made for subgingival scaling and root planning
Blade forms a 70 degree angle with the tooth
Pull stroke only; applied in vertical, horizontal, or oblique directions

A

Curets

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22
Q

Used for subgingival scaling for removal of as much of the calculus as possible

A

Universal curets

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23
Q

What instrument is best for fine scaling and root planning?

A

Area specific curets

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24
Q

What is the design of curets?

A

Slender shank allows entrance into the sulcus or pocket

Rounded back minimizes possible trauma at the base of the pocket

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25
Two cutting edges on a curved blade Face: Two lateral surfaces form tip of scaler Cross section: triangle
Curved/Sickle scaler
26
Two cutting edges on a straight blade | Face: flat
Straight/Jacquette scaler
27
Purpose and Uses for Scalers:
Supragingival calculus Using subgingival can can trauma & risk of scratching the cemental surface is greater Tactile sensitivity is decreased with larger, heavier blades 70 degree angle Pull stroke only
28
What is a modified pen grasp?
Holding an instrument between thumb pads and index finger, with the side of the middle finger supporting the shank or placed lower on the handle. The 4th finger is used as a fulcrum.
29
The support, or point of rest, on which a lever turns in moving a body
Fulcrum
30
Objectives of a Finger Rest:
``` Stability Unit control Prevention of Injury (Carpel tunnel) Comfort for the patient Control of length stroke ```
31
What does burnish mean?
the process of adapting, polishing, and/or work-hardening a metal restoration under the sliding pressure of a smooth hard instrument, as in finishing the surface of a gold filling.
32
What causes burnished calculus?
Dull instruments
33
What are the 3 brand names of local delivery antibiotic agents used for unresponsive areas during periodontal therapy?
Arestin Atridox Periochip
34
Arestin (antibiotic agent)
1mg in a gel carrier Tetracycline sensitivity 5mm pockets
35
Atridox
Liquid form Delivered by syringe into a pocket Reduce probing depths, gain of attachment, & destruction of pathogenic microorganisms Gingival fluid flow is blocked; incidence of abscess can increase
36
Periochip
Advantage over other antibiotics because there is no potential for bacterial resistance Gingival fluid flow is blocked which means a periapical abscess can increase Maintains levels for 7-10 days
37
What is an O-ring for an ultrasonic scaler?
Seals the water, if water shoots out of the O-ring it means it is dry rotted
38
The support, or point of finger rest on the tooth surface, on which the hand turns in moving an instrument
Finger rest
39
Gracey mini 5's
Blade length is 50% shorter than a traditional Gracey curet
40
How can you remove burnished calculus?
File scalers
41
Magnetostrictive
Metal strips Elliptical pattern 18,000 to 45,000 cycles per second
42
Relationship between the working end of an instrument and the tooth surface being treated
Adaptation
43
For intraoral rest, the place on a tooth or teeth where the third or ring finger of the hand holding the instrument is placed to provide stablization and control during activation of the instrument
finger rest
44
Use of a dental mouth mirror to view the area of instrumentation. Indirect lighting is provided by the mirror.
indirect vision
45
The minimal pressure that is required of an instrument against the tooth to accomplish the objective of the assessment or treatment
Lateral pressure
46
To smooth and polish; an effect that result when a dull scaler or curet is passed over tenacious calculus in an attempt to remove the deposit
burnish
47
A form of antimicrobial agent produced by or obtained from microorganisms that can kill other microorganisms that can kill other microorganisms or inhibit their growth
antibiotic
48
Use of specific chemical or pharmaceutical agents for the control or destruction of microorganisms
antimicrobial therapy
49
With reference to the clinical attachment level, which is the position of the periodontal attached tissue at the base of a sulcus or pocket as measured from a fixed point
attachment
50
The union of connective tissue or epithelium with a root surface that has been deprived of its original attachement apparatus
New attachemtn
51
The reunion of epithelial and connective tissues with root surfaces and bone occurs after an incision or injury
Reattachment
52
Presence of bacteria in the blood
Bactermia
53
Available for absorption by the body
bioabsorbable
54
Susceptible of degradation by biological processes, as by bacterial or other enzymatic action
Biodegradable
55
Tubular instrument placed in a cavity to introduce or withdraw fluid
Cannula
56
Treatment by which means of chemical or pharaceutical agents
Chemotherapy
57
Local delivery of a chemotherapeutic agent to a site-specific area
Controlled release
58
A minimally invasive diagnostic procedure used in medicine to examine in accessible tissues by inserting a fiber optic tube into the body
Endoscopy
59
LPS complex found in the cell wall of many gram negative microorganisms
endotoxin
60
Anatomic area between the roots of a mulitrooted tooth
Furcation
61
Pathologic resorption of bone within a furcation
Furcation invasion
62
Area on tooth where instrumentation is confined
Instrumentation zone
63
Invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in body tissues
infection
64
Caused by microorganisms that are part of the normal microbiota of the skin, nose, mouth, and intestinal and urogenital tracts
Endogenous infection
65
Caused by organisms acquired from outside the oral cavity or the host
Exogenous infection
66
Occurs in systemically or locally impaired host
Opportunistic infection
67
Dental biofilm removal and control, supragingival and subgingival scaling, rooth planning, etc
Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy
68
A definitive treatment procedure designed to remove altered cementum or surface dentin that is rough, impregnated with calculus, or contaminated with toxins
root planning
69
Used to explain therpies planned that address the patient's problems to answer all questions and obtain their consent
PARQ (Procedures, Alternatives, Risks/benefits, Questions)
70
Not responding to usual treatment
Refractory
71
Instrumentation of the crown or root surfaces to remove dental biofilm and calculus
Scaling

Dental Hygiene 2 (4 decks)

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