EXAM 2 ACUTE RESPIRATORY

Question 1

respiratory distress signs

Answer 1

nasal flaring, retractions, fast breathing, HR, sweating, restless, irritability, cyanosis
adventitious lung sounds
WORST=absent
cough quality

Question 2

respiratory nursing interventions basic

Answer 2

ease effort, rest, comfort, prevent spread of infection, promote hydration and nutrition

Question 3

how to ease respiratory effort

Answer 3

positioning, warm or cool mist, saline nose drops with bulb suctioning
bedrest

Question 4

therapies to improve oxygen

Answer 4

cough and deep breathe, suction, nebulizer, percussion, chest physiotherapy, oxygen as needed

Question 5

nasopharyngitis (URI)

Answer 5

rhinovirus, adenovirus, flu,
younger kids: fever, irritable, restless, sneeze, v/d.

older: dryness of nose and throat, sneexing, chillds, aches, cough, vasodilation of mucosa

Question 6

management of nasopharyngitis

Answer 6

no otc meds under 3, fever reducers for high fever and discomfort

Question 7

tonsillitis/pharyngitis

Answer 7

no antibiotic necessary if it is viral, important to maintain hydration

Question 8

strep pharyngitis

Answer 8

sudden onset, sore throat, headache, fever, swollen lymphnodes, pain, red throat

risk of rheumatic fever, scarlet fever

do not share drinks, was tooth brush 24-48 hr after abx start

treatment: abx, swabs, comfort

Question 9

tonsillectomy

Answer 9

only if recurrent strep or sleep apnea
contraindications: cleft palate, infections, bleeding

Question 10

nursing considerations post tonsillectomy

Answer 10

watch for excessive swallowing, no suction, no straws, coughing, laughing, crying, stridor is bad

Question 11

external otitis

Answer 11

inflammation of outer ear, moisture was trapped, bacteria and dematitis

pain, drainage, antibiotics and steroid drops prescribed

Question 12

otitis mediA

Answer 12

inner ear infection, fluid and puss, common in early childhood

Question 13

otitis media risk factors

Answer 13

anatomy, age and gender, non breast fed, cigarette smoke, bottles in bed, unimmunized, pacifier beyond infancy, allergies, winter

Question 14

otitis media manifestations

Answer 14

ear pain, irritable infants, fever, rupture tympanic membrane, chronic may lead to hearing loss

Question 15

treatment of otitis media

Answer 15

antibiotic, tubes!!! no submersion, avoid harsh coughing

Question 16

croup

Answer 16

swelling of larynx
horseness, barky cough like a seal
inspiratory stridor

Question 17

croup manifestations

Answer 17

epiglottis is swollen, airway resriction, agitation, can cause hypoxiA

Question 18

croup management

Answer 18

airway, breathing, humidity, fluids, NO cough syrup and cold meds

Question 19

nursing considerations for croup

Answer 19

continuous observation, parents ad bedside, prevent dehydration, support family and keep pt calm

Question 20

signs that croup is worsening

Answer 20

increasing RR, do not feed >60
agitation, restless, anxiety, less conscious, cyanosis

Question 21

epiglottitis

Answer 21

bacterial croup, emergency!!! 2-5 years old, flu b or strep!!!

abrupt onset, high fever, mouth open, drooling, sits upright, red throat

IMMEDIATELY MAINTAIN AIRWAY,prepare for sedation and intubation

Question 22

four ds of eppiglotititis

Answer 22

drooling
dysphagia
dysphonia
distressed inspiration

Question 23

further epiglottitis treatment

Answer 23

throat and blood sent to lab for diagnosis, fever reducers, antibiotics, usually go home 3-7 days

Question 24

bronchiolitis/rsv

Answer 24

inflammation of brionchioles, thick mucus
very easily transmitted, lots of mucus, impaired gas exchanges

Question 25

rsv bronchiolitis

Answer 25

apnea, coughing, sneezing, wheezing, may progress to air hunger, fast breathing, retractions, cyanosis

Question 26

supportive care for RSV

Answer 26

airway maintenance, treat symptoms, antivirals, fluid, bronchiodilators, racemic epi, oxygen! contact isolation saline drops and bulb suction, rest, fluids, humidifier, pulse ox SUCTION BEFORE O2

Question 27

pneumonia

Answer 27

inflammation of alveoli viral, mycoplasmal, bacterial, rhonchi or rales, non productive cough, chest pain, fever

Question 28

management of pna

Answer 28

may need chest tube, postural drainage, elevate HOB, hydration and bronchiodilatorser

Question 29

pertussis

Answer 29

so much coughing that they cannot breathe treatment: ERYTHROMYCIN under 6m may need ventilator humidified o2 maintain hydration, prevent pna

Question 30

tuberculosis

Answer 30

usually from infected member of household, inhaled nutrition is VERY important

Question 31

tb manifestations

Answer 31

malaise, fever, night sweats, slight cough, weight loss, anorexia, lymphadenopathy

Question 32

TB nursing care

Answer 32

med adherence isolation NUTRITION

Question 33

apnea of infancy

Answer 33

life threatening, apnea, cyanosis, choking, gagging monitoring until 6m episode free educate caregivers of cpr, monitor education, save emergency numbers

Question 34

SIDS

Answer 34

sudden death of infant under 1 during sleep, no answer after autopsy potentially underdeveloped respiratory drive peaks 2-4 monthsh

Question 35

characteristics of sids

Answer 35

race and gender, low birth weight, low apgar, unsafe sleeping arrangements, overheating, smoking, poor prenatal care

Question 36

nursing education for SIDS

Answer 36

sleep on back! ask factual questions, allow family to say goodbye, provide hair and footprints