Exam #2 - Lower Limb Flashcards
(105 cards)
1
Q
Coxafemoral Joint is considered what type of joint
A
Ball and socket
2
Q
Coxafemoral Joint degrees of freedom
A
3 - sagittal, frontal & horizontal
3
Q
The femoral head is secured within the ________ by an extensive set of connective ________ & ______
A
The femoral head is secured within the acetabulum by an extensive set of connective tissues & muscles
4
Q
Coxafemoral open-pack position
Capsule/lig & bony
A
Capsule/lig - 30° of flexion + 30° of abduction + slight external rotation
Bony - anything besides closed pack
5
Q
Coxafemoral closed-pack position
Capsule/lig & bony
A
Capsule/lig - full ext + internal rotation + abduction
Bony - 30° of flexion + 30° of abduction + slight external rotation
6
Q
The close-packed positioned for CFJ is the most ligamentous ____ positioned whereas the open-packed positioned is most ____ congruent positioned
A
taught
bony
7
Q
The CFJ relies more on the ____ subsystem (form closure) for stability
A
Passive
8
Q
Hip ABD & ADD happens in what plane of motion
A
Frontal plane
9
Q
The weight bearing limb is referred to as the
A
Support hip
10
Q
Pelvis-on-femoral applies to what rule
A
Convex on concave
11
Q
What rule applied to femoral-on-pelvis
A
concave on convex
12
Q
Posterior pelvic tilt results in flexion of the ________ spine (hip ext)
A
lumbar spine
12
Q
Posterior pelvic tilt results in flexion of the ________ spine (hip ext)
A
lumbar spine
13
Q
Pelvic tilt happens in what plane of motion
A
Sagittal plane
14
Q
Anterior pelvic tilt results in flexion of the ________ spine (hip flx)
A
Lumbar spine
15
Q
Hip IR & ER happen in what plane of motion
A
Horizontal plane
16
Q
Knee flx & ext happen in what plane of motion
A
Sagittal plane
17
Q
What rule applies to hip (pelvis-on-femoral) IR & ER
A
convex on concave
18
Q
What rule applies to hip (femoral-on-pelvis) IR & ER
A
concave on convex
19
Q
short arc of motion within the sagittal plane about a medial-to- lateral axis through both femoral heads
A
pelvic tilt
20
Q
The direction of pelvic tilt - either anterior or posterior - is based on the
A
direction of rotation of a point on the iliac crest
21
Q
Full pelvic-on-femoral rotation relies on an
A
ipsidirectional lumbopelvic rhythm
22
Q
During hip internal rotation the iliac crest on the side of the nonsupport hip rotates ____ in the horizontal plane
A
ventral (post pelvic tilt)
23
Q
During hip external rotation the iliac crest on the side of the nonsupport hip rotates ____ in the horizontal plane
A
dorsal (ant pelvic tilt)
24
The **proximal tibiofibular joint** is anatomically at the knee but functionally it is associated with the _______ _______ mobility
ankle joint mobility
25
The tibiofemoral joint is considered what type of joint
condyloid joint
26
Joint stability is provided by ____ & physical containment provided by muscles, ligaments, ______, ______ & body weight
Joint stability is provided by **forces **& physical containment provided by muscles, ligaments, **capsule, menisci,** & body weight
27
Tibiofemoral joint degrees of freedom
2 - sagittal & horizontal
28
Tibiofemoral joint function
Promote all bipedal/unipodal activities
29
TFJ open-pack position
25° flexion
30
TFJ closed-pack position
full ext + external rotation of tibia (screw home)
31
TFJ motions in the sagittal plane
flexion & extension
32
Axis of flx/ext of TFJ in the sagittal plane
medial-lateral
33
Extension of meniscotibial joint
Anterior meniscus moves ____ on tibia
| tibiofemoral (distal on proximal)
Anterior meniscus moves **anterior** on tibia
34
**Distal-on-proximal** extension of tibiofemoral joint
CC tibia roll/slide anterior
35
**Distal-on-proximal ** extension of meniscofemoral joint
**Post. meniscus** moves anterior-distal on femur
**Ant. meniscus** moves anterior-proximal on the femur
36
**Proximal-on-distal** extension of tibiofemoral joint
CV femur rolls ____ & slides ____ on the tibia
CV femur rolls **anterior** & slides **posterior** on the tibia
37
**Proximal-on-distal** extension of meniscotibial joint
Anterior meniscus translates ____ on the tibia
Anterior meniscus translates **anterior** on the tibia
38
**Proximal-on-distal** extension of meniscofemoral joint
**Post/Ant meniscus**
**Post. meniscus** - Femur moves past the meniscus in a Posterior-proximal direction
**Ant. meniscus** - Femur moves past the meniscus in a Posterior-distal direction
39
**Distal-on-proximal** flexion of tibiofemoral joint
Tibia rolls & slides ____ & ____
Tibia rolls & slides **posterior & superior**
40
**Distal-on-proximal** flexion of meniscotibial joint
Posterior meniscus moves ____ on the tibia
Posterior meniscus moves **posterior** on the tibia
41
**Distal-on-proximal** flexion of meniscofemoral joint
**Post. meniscus** moves posterior-proximal on the femur
**Ant. meniscus** moves posterior-distal on the femur
42
**Proximal-on-distal** flexion of tibiofemoral joint
Femur rolls ____ and slides ____ on the tibia
Femur rolls **posterior** and slides **anterior** on the tibia
43
**Proximal-on-distal** flexion of meniscotibial joint
Posterior Meniscus translates ________ on the Tibia
Posterior meniscus translates **posterior** on the Tibia
44
**Proximal-on-distal** flexion of meniscofemoral joint
**Post. meniscus:** Femur moves past the meniscus in an ______-______ direction
**Ant. meniscus:** Femur moves past the meniscus in an ______-______ direction
**Post. meniscus:** Femur moves past the meniscus in an **anterior-distal** direction
**Ant. meniscus:** Femur moves past the meniscus in an **anterior-proximal** direction
45
Motions of the TFJ in the horizontal plane
Internal/external rotation
(concave on convex)
46
External rotation of TFJ
Concave tibia spins ____ on the convexity of the femoral condyles
Concave tibia **spins laterally** on the convexity of the femoral condyles
47
Internal rotation of TFJ
Concave tibia spins ____ on the convexity of the femoral condyles
Concave tibia **spins medially** on the convexity of the femoral condyles
48
During rotation of the tibiofemoral joint the menisci ____ with the femur
During rotation of the tibiofemoral joint the menisci **stay** with the femur
49
What happens to the **menisci** during **ER** of the TFJ
Lateral Meniscus translates ________ on tibia
Medial Meniscus translates ________ on tibia
Lateral Meniscus translates **anterior** on tibia
Medial Meniscus translates **posterior** on tibia
50
What happens to the **menisci** during **IR** of the TFJ
Lateral Meniscus translates ________ on tibia
Medial Meniscus translates ________ on tibia
Lateral Meniscus translates **posterior** on tibia
Medial Meniscus translates **anterior** on tibia
51
**Distal-on-proximal** movements of the patellofemoral joint
____ slides relative to the fixed ____
**patella** slides relative to the fixed **femur**
52
**Proximal-on-distal** movements of the patellofemoral joint
____ slides relative to the fixed ____
**femur** slides relative to the fixed **patella**
53
* Acts as a “spacer” between the femur & the quadriceps to increase the internal moment arm of the knee extensor mechanism
* lengthens the quadriceps muscle (50%)
Function of the patelofemoral joint
54
**Proximal tibiofibular joint** is classified as what type of joint
plane/gliding joint
55
**Distal tibiofibular joint** is classified as what type of joint
Syndesmosis joint
56
**Talocrural joint** is classified as what type of joint
Modified hinge joint
57
**Subtalar joint** is classified as what type of joint
Complex joint
58
**Transverse tarsal joint** is classified as what type of joint
Midtarsal joint
59
**Distal intertarsal joint** is classified as what type of joint
Planar joint
60
The **tarsometatarsal joint** is also known as the
Lisfranc's joint
61
The **metatarsophalangeal joint** consists of
* Convex heads of the metatarsals
* Concavity of proximal end of phalanx
62
Function of Proximal Tibiofibular Joint
Accommodates rotation of the tibia during ____ motion and ____ motion of the foot.
Accommodates rotation of the tibia during **knee** motion and **triplanar** motion of the foot.
63
Function of Distal Tibiofibular Joint
Promotes stability of the ____ ____
Promotes stability of the **talocrural joint**
64
Function of Transverse Tarsal Joint
Allows the weight-bearing foot to adapt to a variety of ____ ____
Allows the weight-bearing foot to adapt to a variety of **surface contours**
65
Considered the most versatile joint in the foot
Transverse tarsal joint
66
Function of Distal Intertarsal Joints
* Assist the transverse tarsal joint in ____ & ____ the midfoot
* Provides stability across the midfoot by forming the ____ ____ of the foot
* Assist the transverse tarsal joint in **pronating & supinating** the midfoot
* Provides stability across the midfoot by forming the** transverse arch** of the foot
67
The five tarsometatarsal joints seperate the ____ from the ____
The five tarsometatarsal joints separate the **midfoot** from the **forefoot**
68
Only the first ____ joint has a well-developed capsule
Only the first **tarsometatarsal** joint has a well-developed capsule
69
Talocrural joint degrees of freedom
1 - sagittal
70
Subtalar joint degrees of freedom
3 - sagittal, frontal & horizontal
71
Transverse tarsal joint degrees of freedom
3 - sagittal, frontal & horizontal
72
Metatarsophalangeal joint degrees of freedom
2 - sagittal & horizontal
73
Talocrural joint axis of rotation
Lateral malleolus is inferior & posterior to the ____ ____
* 10° in the ____ plane
* 6° in the ____ plane
Lateral malleolus is inferior & posterior to the **medial malleolus**
* 10° in the **frontal** plane
* 6° in the **horizontal** plane
74
Talocrural Joint closed-packed position
Maximum dorsiflexion
75
Talocrural Joint open-packed positioned
10° of plantar flexion; midway between maximum inversion & eversion
76
Axis of TCJ
Anterior-medial-dorsal to posterior-lateral-plantar
77
What rule applied to the motions Dorsi- & plantar flexion of TCJ
Convex on concave
78
Motions that occur in the sagittal plane of the TCJ
Dorsiflexion
Plantarflexion
79
Dorsiflexion of TCJ
Convex talus rolls ____ & slides
____ on the concavity of the mortise
Convex talus rolls **anterior** & slides **posteriorly** on the concavity of the mortise
80
Plantarflexion of TCJ
Convex talus rolls ____ & slides ____ on the concavity of the mortise
Convex talus rolls **posteriorly** & slides **anteriorly** on the concavity of the mortise
81
The subtalar joint consists of 3 articulations between the posterior, middle, & anterior facets of the ____ & the ____
The subtalar joint consists of 3 articulations between the posterior, middle, & anterior facets of the **calcaneous**& the **talus**
82
Subtalar joint close-packed position
Maximum supination (PF, IV, ADD)
83
Subtalar joint open-packed position
Midway between extremes range of movement
84
Pronation & supination is made up of what other motions?
**Pronation:** DF + EV + ABD
**Supination:** PF + IN + ADD
85
STJ axis of rotation in the frontal plane
Dorsal-Distal-Medial to Plantar-Proximal-Lateral
86
Supination of STJ
Convex calcaneus rolls ____ & slides ____ on the concavity of the talus
Convex calcaneus rolls **medially** & slides **laterally** on the concavity of the talus
87
Pronation of STJ
Convex calcaneus rolls ____ & slides ____ on the concavity of the talus
Convex calcaneus rolls **laterally** & slides **medially** on the concavity of the talus
88
Transverse tarsal joint close-packed position
Maximum supination
89
TTJ open-packed position
Midway between extremes of range of movement
90
TTJ axis of rotation (all planes)
Dorsal-Distal-Medial to Plantar-Proximal-Lateral
91
Supination of TTJ
Concave naviculum spins ____ & ____ on the convexity of the head of the talus
Concave naviculum spins **dorsal** & **lateral** on the convexity of the head of the talus
92
Pronation of TTJ
Concave naviculum spins ____ & ____ on the convexity of the head of the talus
Concave naviculum spins **plantar** & **medial** on the convexity of the head of the talus
93
Pronation/Supination of the TTJ occurs in what plane of motion
Frontal, horizontal & sagittal
94
Dorsiflexion/Plantarflexion of the TTJ occurs in what plane of motion
Frontal, horizontal & sagittal
95
Dorsiflexion of TTJ
Concave naviculum rolls & slides ____-____ on the convexity of the head of the talus
Concave naviculum rolls & slides **dorsal-distal** on the convexity of the head of the talus
96
Plantarflexion of TTJ
Concave naviculum rolls & slides ____-____ on the convexity of the head of the talus
Concave naviculum rolls & slides **plantar-proximal** on the convexity of the head of the talus
97
Plane of motion for MTPJ flexion/extension
Sagittal
98
Plane of motion for MTPJ ABD/ADD
Horizontal
99
Axis for MTPJ flx/ext
medial-lateral
100
Axis for MTPJ ABD/ADD
Vertical
101
Flexion of MTPJ
Concave phalanx rolls & slides ____ on the convexity of the head of metatarsal
Concave phalanx rolls & slides **plantar** on the convexity of the head of metatarsal
102
Extension of MTPJ
Concave phalanx rolls & slides ____ on the convexity of the head of metatarsal
Concave phalanx rolls & slides **dorsal** on the convexity of the head of metatarsal
103
Abduction of MTPJ
1st MTP concave phalanx rolls & slides **medial**
104
Adduction of MTPJ
1st MTP concave phalanx rolls & slides ______
1st MTP concave phalanx rolls & slides **lateral**
