Exam 2 meds

Question 1

What is the purpose of heparin

Answer 1

treat DVT
fast acting
prevents new blood clots from forming

Question 2

Warfarin patient teaching

Answer 2

Take med at same time
Keep appointments for INR
Take missed dose as soon as it is remembered on day missed. Do not double next day
Check all meds for interactions
Wear medical alert braclet
Eat foods containing vit K in consistent amounts weekly
Avoid consuming more than 1-2 alcoholic drinks
Use electric razor
Use soft toothbrush
Low nose gently
Report unusual bleeding or bruising
Report signs of intestinal bleeding

Question 3

Warfarin action

Answer 3

inhibits vit K
slow clot formation
does not dissolve existing clots

Question 4

Warfarin side effects

Answer 4

monitor for bleeding gums, nose
gi issues
alopecia
skin reactions

Question 5

labs to monitor for warfarin

Answer 5

PT
INR
CBC
LFTs
GFR

Question 6

antidote for heparin

Answer 6

protamine sulfate

Question 7

antidote for warfarin

Answer 7

Vit K

Question 8

What is clopidogrel

Answer 8

antiplatelet

Question 9

what is clopidogrel used for

Answer 9

prevent MI, stroke
acute coronary syndrome
PAD
Afib
Ischemic stroke/TIA

Question 10

side effects of clopidogrel

Answer 10

bleeding
headache
GI upset
rash
itching

Question 11

What is nifedipine

Answer 11

calcium channel blocker
produce vasodilation and reduced heart rate

Question 12

side effects of nifedipine

Answer 12

decreased BP
headache
flushing
dizziness/ lightheadedness
peripheral edema
reflex tachycardia
nausea

Question 13

nursing actions of nifedipine

Answer 13

avoid grape juice
watch for hypotension
do not use in those with severe aortic stenosis or cardiogenic shock

Question 14

What is Digoxin

Answer 14

digitalis
increases cardiac contractility

Question 15

action of digoxin

Answer 15

cardio glycoside effects the heart inhibiting Na and K+ alteplase pump
increase cardiac output

Question 16

side effects of digoxin

Answer 16

bradycardia
nausea/vomiting
confusion
dizziness
blurred vision
hypokalemia

Question 17

digoxin toxicity

Answer 17

yellow, green halo when looking at light
confusion
nausea/diarrhea
ST-segment changes

Question 18

What is captopril

Answer 18

ACE inhibitor
prevent vasoconstriction

Question 19

What do you need to watch for captopril

Answer 19

low BP

Question 20

side effects of captopril

Answer 20

hypotension
high K+
dry persistent cough
dizziness
fatigue, weakness
Swelling of face, lips, or throat

Question 21

What is captopril used for

Answer 21

HTN

Question 22

What is nitroglycern

Answer 22

dilate blood vessels
decrease preload and relieve SOB
relieve myocardial ischemia
vasodilator

Question 23

side effects of nitro

Answer 23

decreased BP
mild/severe headache
flushing
dizziness
reflex tachycardia

Question 24

teaching instructions of nitro

Answer 24

move patch location daily
sublingual place under tongue and let dissolve

Question 25

unrelieved pain with nitro

Answer 25

chest pain not relieved by 3 doses notify health care provider

Question 26

What do beta-blockers do to HR

Answer 26

decrease HR

Question 27

what is the purpose of beta-blockers

Answer 27

block effects of epi lower BP treat arrhythmias improve survival of MI manage HF

Question 28

adverse effects of beta-blockers

Answer 28

bradycardia hypotension fatigue weakness low HR

Question 29

antidote for beta blockers

Answer 29

glucagon

Question 30

What is furosemide (Lasix)

Answer 30

remove excess fluid, waste potassium loop diuretic

Question 31

side effects of furosemide

Answer 31

dry mouth orthostatic BP low K+ low Na metabolic acidosis

Question 32

nursing assessment for furosemide

Answer 32

monitor BP, HR I&O sodium chloride renal function monitor K+

Question 33

What is dyazied

Answer 33

potassium sparing diuretic

Question 34

what is dyazied used for

Answer 34

treat high BP edema HF kidney disease

Question 35

what labs can dyazied effect

Answer 35

Na creatinine uric acid chloride