Exam 2 review

Question 1

What is plasma?

Answer 1

fluid/liquid part of blood

Question 2

How much of plasma is made of water?

Answer 2

99%

Question 3

What do the proteins in plasma do?

Answer 3

they draw water (H2O) into blood by osmosis

Question 4

What are leukocytes?

Answer 4

white blood cells

Question 5

What are platelets?

Answer 5

cell fragments

Question 6

What are erythrocytes?

Answer 6

red blood cells

Question 7

Where is hemoglobin found?

Answer 7

in red blood cells, it binds to O2 and CO2

Question 8

What is the function of RBC’s?

Answer 8

they transport most O2 and some CO2 into the blood

Question 9

Where does RBC production occur?

Answer 9

red bone marrow

Question 10

Erythropoietin is produced by which organ?

Answer 10

kidney

Question 11

When is erythropoietin released?

Answer 11

when blood O2 levels are low and when blood pressure is low

Question 12

What does erythropoietin stimulate?

Answer 12

the production of RBC

Question 13

What do antigens stimulate?

Answer 13

an immune system response

Question 14

What are the 3 possible antigens on the cell membrane of RBC?

Answer 14

A, B, and Rh

Question 15

What does the presence or absence of A and B antigens determine?

Answer 15

whether a persons blood type is A, B, or AB, or O

Question 16

What does the presence or absence of Rh determine?

Answer 16

whether a person has + or - blood

Question 17

Antibodies bind to and attack what?

Answer 17

foreign antigens

Question 18

What is agglutination?

Answer 18

clumping of RBC

Question 19

What is hemyolysis?

Answer 19

the burst of a RBC

Question 20

Type A- blood has which antigens?

Answer 20

A only

Question 21

Type O+ blood has which antibodies?

Answer 21

anti A and B

Question 22

Type AB+ blood has which antigens?

Answer 22

A, B, and Rh

Question 23

Type B+ blood has which antigens?

Answer 23

B and Rh

Question 24

Type O- blood was which antibodies?

Answer 24

anti A, B, and Rh

Question 25

What is hemostasis?

Answer 25

stopping of bleeding

Question 26

Hemostasis in the vascular phase causes the blood vessel to do what?

Answer 26

blood vessel constricts and the vessel wall becomes sticky to reduce bleeding

Question 27

Hemostasis in the platelet phase causes platelets to do what?

Answer 27

platelets aggregate and form a temporary plug by sticking to each other and the vessel wall

Question 28

Hemostasis in the coagulation phase leads to the formation of an insoluble protein called?

Answer 28

fibrin

Question 29

Which organ makes many of the clotting factors?

Answer 29

liver

Question 30

which vitamin is required?

Answer 30

K

Question 31

What produces about half of our vitamin K?

Answer 31

intestinal bacteria

Question 32

The activation of clotting factors requires what?

Answer 32

calcium

Question 33

Which white blood cell is the first to arrive at the site of an injury or infection?

Answer 33

neutrophils

Question 34

Phagocytes do what?

Answer 34

engulf and destroy pathogens

Question 35

Which white blood cell attacks parasites and play a role in allergic reactions?

Answer 35

eosinphils

Question 36

Which white blood cell releases substances during inflammatory reactions?

Answer 36

basophils

Question 37

Histamine does what?

Answer 37

dilates blood vessels

Question 38

Heparin does what?

Answer 38

prevents blood from clotting

Question 39

Which white blood cell exits blood vessels and becomes macrophages?

Answer 39

monocytes

Question 40

Which white blood cell coordinates immune cell activity by releasing antibodies?

Answer 40

lymphocytes