Exam 3

Question 1

peptide hormones

Answer 1

• derived from cholesterol
• diffuse across the cell membrane
• interact directly with DNA

Question 2

Into which of the following does the right ventricle pump blood

Answer 2

Pulmonary artery

Question 3

Which of the following is part of the extrinsic control of the cardiac cycle

Answer 3

Sympathetic nerve fibers

Question 4

Which of the following is an effect of Human Growth Hormone

Answer 4

Enhances connective tissue growth/repair

Question 5

What chamber of the heart is responsible for pumping the blood to the systemic arteries

Answer 5

Left ventricle

Question 6

During which phase of respiration does the diaphragm contract

Answer 6

Inspiration

Question 7

What kind of traits/symptoms would an individual with high thyroid hormone levels exhibit

Answer 7

Increased metabolic rate

Question 8

function of the respiratory system

Answer 8

• exchange gases between air and blood
• humidify air
• filters air

Question 9

What is the term that represents the regular fluctuation of releases of hormones

Answer 9

Circadian rhythm

Question 10

Which steroid hormone is catabolic

Answer 10

Cortisol

Question 11

What gland regulates hormone release by controlling the pituitary gland

Answer 11

Hypothalamus

Question 12

Testosterone production increases with what type of exercise

Answer 12

moderate to intense

Question 13

What is the term that describes the amount of air left in the lungs after maximal exhalation

Answer 13

Residual volume

Question 14

What gas law describes the concept of partial pressures of the individual gases within air

Answer 14

Dalton’s Law

Question 15

What does the T wave represent in an EKG signal

Answer 15

Ventricular repolarization

Question 16

From which gland are the catecholamines secreted

Answer 16

Adrenal medulla

Question 17

What is the role of antidiuretic hormone

Answer 17

Acts on the kidneys leading to the increase of water reabsorption

Question 18

What is the role of aldosterone

Answer 18

Signal the kidneys to retain sodium

Question 19

maximal heart rate

Answer 19

Decreases as you get older

Question 20

Which hormone plays the largest role in controlling metabolism

Answer 20

Thyroid stimulating hormone

Question 21

Pulmonary ventilation (VE) is mathematically defined as

Answer 21

Vt x f

Question 22

What is responsible for the rapid spread of the impulse through the ventricles

Answer 22

Purkinje fibers

Question 23

Which of the following best describes cardiac output

Answer 23

The amount of blood pumped per minute

Question 24

Which gas is the most abundant in the air we breathe

Answer 24

Nitrogen

Question 25

What condition does a depression of the ST segment on an EKG usually indicate

Answer 25

Ischemia

Question 26

Which endocrine gland is referred to as the "master gland"

Answer 26

Pituitary

Question 27

cardiac muscle

Answer 27

High mitochondrial density

Question 28

How is the majority of carbon dioxide transported in the human body

Answer 28

As a bicarbonate

Question 29

The bicuspid valve separates what

Answer 29

Left atrium and left ventricle

Question 30

What variable represents the oxygen uptake by the body’s tissues

Answer 30

Arterial-venous oxygen difference

Question 31

Once the oxygen enters the muscle, what assists its transportation to the mitochondria

Answer 31

Myoglobin

Question 32

If the plasma component of the blood is 60%, what is the individual’s hematocrit number

Answer 32

40

Question 33

When modifying breathing during exercise, which variable is increased first

Answer 33

Depth (tidal volume) first

Question 34

Which of the following is a key responsibility of the cardiovascular system

Answer 34

Delivery of oxygen

Question 35

What phase of ventilation represents the rapid rise to steady-state

Answer 35

Phase 2

Question 36

What is the largest component of blood plasma

Answer 36

Water

Question 37

Which chamber of the heart receives the blood that is returning after circulating through the body

Answer 37

Right atrium

Question 38

Which of the following is the typical response of insulin during exercise

Answer 38

Blood levels decrease

Question 39

While breathing at rest, which of the following is the best way to increase air flow

Answer 39

Increase the diameter of the airway

Question 40

What type of hormone is derived from cholesterol

Answer 40

Steroid

Question 41

Which of the following hormones has the shortest half life

Answer 41

Norepinephrine

Question 42

What happens to stroke volume during a 5 mph jog on a treadmill when you compare someone before, and then after an eight-week cardiovascular training program

Answer 42

Increase

Question 43

What variable represents the amount of air ventilated to obtain 1 L or oxygen or expire 1 L carbon dioxide

Answer 43

Ventilatory equivalent

Question 44

What is the term for the amount of air moved in and out per breath

Answer 44

Tidal volume

Question 45

Vital capacity is the sum of which volumes

Answer 45

Tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, & expiratory reserve volume

Question 46

What is the transport system for the endocrine system

Answer 46

Bloodstream

Question 47

What happens during exhalation

Answer 47

The diaphragm relaxes

Question 48

An increase is EDV with no change in ESV will lead to what kind of change in SV

Answer 48

Increase

Question 49

What mathematically represents ejection fraction

Answer 49

SV / EDV

Question 50

What hormone is needed to pass an action potential across a synapse

Answer 50

Norepinephrine

Question 51

What is the only major endocrine gland which is directly stimulated by the nervous system

Answer 51

Adrenal medulla

Question 52

What transports the blood to the lungs

Answer 52

Pulmonary arteries

Question 53

Which of the following describes the blood that passes through the coronary arteries

Answer 53

Fully oxygenated

Question 54

Within the human body, where is the partial pressure of oxygen the highest

Answer 54

Alveoli

Question 55

What mineral aids in the synthesis of the thyroid hormones

Answer 55

Iodine

Question 56

What is the structure of aldosterone, and from where is it released

Answer 56

Steroid / adrenal cortex

Question 57

What is the term that describes the intensity at which both oxygen and carbon dioxide ventilatory equivalent are increasing and results in hyperventilation

Answer 57

Respiratory compensation point

Question 58

The Fick equation can be used to determine which variable

Answer 58

VO2

Question 59

What is the pacemaker of the heart

Answer 59

Sinoatrial node

Question 60

Which muscle will assist in expiration during heavy breathing

Answer 60

Rectus abdominis

Question 61

Which of the following heart problems are the result of a dysrhythmia

Answer 61

Cardiac arrest

Question 62

What condition in the body has the biggest impact on control of ventilation

Answer 62

The buildup of carbon dioxide

Question 63

What type of cells produce/release Insulin

Answer 63

Beta cells

Question 64

steroid hormone examples

Answer 64

- aldosterone - cortisol - estrogen

Question 65

what do steroid hormones derive from

Answer 65

cholesterol