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Ex Phys (ESC280) > Exam 4 > Flashcards

Exam 4 Flashcards

(72 cards)

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1
Q

What is considered the “thermostat” of the human body

A

Hypothalamus

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2
Q

Long-term acclimatization to altitude would result in which of the following

A

Increased mitochondrial density

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3
Q

What is the importance of an essential amino acid

A

They must be consumed in diet

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4
Q

What is the most common mineral deficiency called

A

Anemia

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5
Q

Which of the following cannot provide our body with energy

A

Caffeine

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6
Q

Which drug may improve shooting accuracy in elite shooters

A

Beta-blockers

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7
Q

Which of the following describes how convection influences thermoregulation

A

Replaces hot/humid air near the skin with cooler/dryer air

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8
Q

Which form of oral contraceptives does NOT cause aerobic performance to decline

A

Monophasic

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9
Q

How much water is typically lost in a day at rest

A

2.5 L

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10
Q

At what core body temperature (Fahrenheit) does the body start shutting down and requires immediate medical attention

A

104

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11
Q

What is the most abundant mineral in the body

A

Calcium

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12
Q

What is the body defense mechanism that can lead to frostbite

A

Vasoconstriction

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13
Q

fat-soluble vitamins

A

Include A, D, E, and K

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14
Q

Which of the following is known as a strong antioxidant

A

Vitamin C

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15
Q

Which of the following is a way that the body gains water

A

Aerobic metabolism

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16
Q

Who is blinded in a double-blinded study

A

Subjects and researcher

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17
Q

water-soluble vitamin

A

vitamins B and C

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18
Q

What is the most practical and convenient field assessment of hydration

A

Assessing body weight pre and post activity

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19
Q

Aerobic exercise performance is impaired at a high altitude because

A

There is a reduction in atmospheric pressure with increasing altitude

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20
Q

What factor should be paid attention to when reading supplement research

A
  • subjects
  • setting
  • dosage
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21
Q

What does a diuretic cause

A

Increase urine production

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22
Q

What energy system does a creatine supplement impact

A

ATP-PCr

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23
Q

When considering water leaving the body, which of the following can vary the most based on exercise

A

Sweating

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24
Q

What is impacted the most by cold temperature conditions

A

Anaerobic activities

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25
What part of the body controls the thirst mechanism
Hypothalamus
26
Choose the best description of B vitamins
They are needed as coenzymes in metabolism
27
Dehydration is defined as a weight loss greater than what percentage of body weight
1 %
28
What would be an acute response/result be due to the stress on bioenergetic systems caused by being at a high altitude
Increased lactate concentrations
29
result from exposure to months of microgravity
- reduced bone mass - decreased SV - atrophy of the heart
30
Which of the following conditions may lead to pulmonary edema
Acute mountain sickness
31
What is the caloric value of 3 grams of fat
27 kcal
32
Which of the following is used to control electrolyte balance
Kidneys
33
What is considered standard barometric pressure at sea level
760 mm Hg
34
Approximately what percentage of your body weight is made up of water
60%
35
What is thermoregulation
Ability to maintain constant internal temperature
36
What combination of environmental factors increase the chance of dehydration the most
High humidity and high temperature
37
Which nutrient can you only live a few days without consuming
Water
38
What is the main role of iron in the human body
Oxygen transport
39
Which of the following best describes a saturated fatty acid
All carbons have attached hydrogen except the acid end
40
If an individual lost 4 pounds during a long practice, how much total water should they drink over the next few hours
6 pounds
41
What is the purpose of the GI tract in regard to maintaining electrolyte balance
Absorb minerals
42
An individual will typically start to lose muscular strength when dehydration levels get to what percentage of body weight loss
5%
43
What does a beta-alanine supplement lead to that may be beneficial to anaerobic performance
Stabilizing blood pH
44
function of water
- maintain BV - fluid part of sweat - fluid part of blood
45
Which gas is the most abundant in the air we breathe
Nitrogen
46
adaptation that occurs after several weeks of exposure to a hot environment
- lower concentration of electrolytes in sweat - earlier onset of sweating - increased plasma volume at rest
47
What type of minerals may be present in only a few milligrams or even micrograms in the human body
Trace/Micro
48
What is it that Beta-Hydroxy Beta-Methyl Butyrate (HMB) may be beneficial in reducing
Protein breakdown
49
Which mineral is needed for all muscle actions
Calcium
50
Which mineral is stored in your bones
Calcium
51
Which electrolyte is found in the highest concentration in sweat
Sodium
52
Which of the following factors will increase an individual’s susceptibility to dehydration
Wearing full football pads and helmet
53
macronutrients
used to produce ATP
54
What is the treatment plan for some suspected of heat stroke
Full body ice immersion
55
Which system is stimulated by acute exposure to high elevation
Sympathetic nervous system
56
Which of the following activities would be least affected by elevation
Shot put
57
Food high on the glycemic index will:
Be released faster into the bloodstream
58
What is the role of the kidneys in relation to electrolyte balance
Conserve sodium
59
What does erythropoietin (EPO) increase
Hemoglobin
60
Which of the following is an inorganic substance
Minerals
61
branched amino acids
IVA
62
Where in the body is carbohydrate stored
Liver
63
Which of the following ergogenic aid would most likely cause weight gain as a side effect
Creatine
64
Insufficient carbohydrate ingestion by an athlete may result in:
Less than optimal physiological adaptations to training
65
Which type of hypoxia is attributed to altitude
Hypoxic
66
Which mineral is needed for oxygen transport
Iron
67
What is generally the most effective mechanism to help cool the body during exercise
Evaporation
68
Which of the following describes the placebo effect in the context of researching ergogenic aids
Performance improved due to a subject believing what they were given was helpful, even if it was fake
69
Which type of amino acids are produced in the human body
Nonessential
70
What is the main way the body will gain heat during exercise indoors at room temperature
Muscle action (metabolism)
71
In what situation will supplemental oxygen will be beneficial for healthy individuals
Hiking up to Pikes Peak (14,000 ft)
72
How is hypobaric pressure defined
Pressure below the normal barometric pressure

Ex Phys (ESC280) (7 decks)

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