Exam 3 Flashcards
(90 cards)
What is essential in TB medication administration, regardless of how the patient feels?
encourage completion of full course of meds to avoid multi-drug resistant TB, as well as revival of bacteria
What is DOT? Why is it used?
DOT: Directly observed therapy (watch pt take meds); it decreases resistance and improves cure rates
What is INH?
Isoniazid, an antitubercular drug
A patient receiving INH (isoniazid) for tuberculosis reports anorexia, malaise, fatigue, jaundice, and nausea. What might these indicate?
hepatitis
What are the most common adverse effects associated with the use of INH?
hepatitis and peripheral neuropathy
Your patient is taking RIPE (Rifampin, Isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol) for active TB. He comes in today & says “My contact lenses have turned red.” Which med caused it?
rifampin
What can be taken with INH (Isoniazid) to prevent peripheral neuropathy?
B6 (pyridoxine)
A 32 yo is taking RIPE. In addition to LFT, what else should be done for this patient? Why?
Ophthalmology exam
Patients receiving ethambutol should have baseline and periodic eye exams because of the drug’s risk of inducing optic neuritis.
Your patient has been prescribed RIPE. He protests to taking so many meds. What would be the best action for the nurse to take?
Explain the rationale for multi-drug therapy.
Patient education about INH should include limiting the intake of what examples of foods?
fish, avocados, and chocolate
Avocados and chocolate are high in tyramine and may cause hypertension. Tuna fish is high in histamine and may cause headache, palpitations, hypotension, or other reactions.
What action should be taken to minimize the adverse effects from INH (isoniazid), the nurse should monitor?
AST and ALT levels
these are liver enzymes and indicate liver functioning. Because hepatitis and other liver problems frequently are
adverse effects of INH, these enzymes should be monitored closely
What is amphotericin B used in the care of patients for?
a serious systemic mycotic disease; fungal infection
What do patients receiving amphotericin B have the greatest risk for the development of?
nephrotoxicity
Nystatin, an antifungal drug nearly identical to amphotericin B, is indicated for the treatment of what?
oral, cutaneous, mucocutaneous, or vaginal candidiasis
Before initiation of amphotericin B therapy, what patient teaching should you do?
“Many pts have a reaction to this med. I will premedicate you to diminish the risk.
You are to admin the 1st dose of amphotericin B for a systemic fungal infection. Before beginning the infusion, you should
administer an antipyretic, such as acetaminophen, assess vitals, and administer test dose
Your patient has had several ABX and now has oral thrush. How should you help her take it?
have the patient swish the suspension in her mouth before swallowing it
What is expected to occur with body fluids of those taking rifampin?
orange color
What is common among all antitubercular medications (Rifampin, Isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol)?
hepatotoxicity, require LFTs (liver function tests), contraindicated in liver disease, and should avoid alcohol
what refers to an antibiotic that affects many microorganisms?
broad spectrum
What labs should be taken prior to administering antibiotics?
culture and sensitivity
How much fluid intake should patients on sulfonamides maintain? Why?
1.5 L/day to prevent crystalluria
What syndrome can occur if vancomycin is infused too rapidly?
Red man Syndrome
What are high risk effects that may occur with vancomycin?
ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity
