FinalExamReview1

Question 1

what is an adverse effect of opioid therapy?

Answer 1

respiratory depression

Question 2

What type of toxic effect may cause anorexia, green/yellow visual halos, and bradycardia?

Answer 2

digoxin toxicity

Question 3

What is contraindication to consume while taking calcium channel blockers and statins?

Answer 3

grapefruit juice

Question 4

What lab may help determine if the patient is experiencing rhabdomyolysis?

Answer 4

creatinine kinase

Question 5

What drug lowers the surface tension of the stool?

Answer 5

docusate sodium

Question 6

While taking anti-gout medications what should individuals increase ?

Answer 6

fluids/water

Question 7

Why should a transdermal nitro patch be removed at night/while sleeping?

Answer 7

prevent tolerance

Question 8

What is a contraindication of epoetin alpha, as well as a potential adverse effect?

Answer 8

hypertension

Question 9

How long should a clonidine transdermal patch be left in place?

Answer 9

1 week (7 days)

Question 10

What class of medications should G herbs not be taken with?

Answer 10

anticoagulants

Question 11

What class of medications should be avoided while taking a PDE5 inhibitor? Why?

Answer 11

nitrates due to the risk of fatal hypotension

Question 12

Why is 81 mg baby aspirin generally given?

Answer 12

prophylactic prevention of MI

Question 13

What should the nurse attain as soon as they suspect hyper or hypoglycemia?

Answer 13

blood glucose

Question 14

What adverse effect occurs with both vancomycin and gentamicin?

Answer 14

nephrotoxicity

Question 15

Besides those listed in SLUDGES, what are other effects that may occur with cholinergic therapy?

Answer 15

bradycardia and dyspnea

Question 16

When may Reye’s Syndrome occur?

Answer 16

if aspirin is given to a child with a viral illness

Question 17

What adverse effect of vancomycin causes flushing of face/neck, hypotension, and tachycardia?

Answer 17

Red Man Syndrome

Question 18

What pregnancy category is warfarin?

Answer 18

Pregnancy Category X

Question 19

What might petechiae indicate?

Answer 19

bleeding

Question 20

What is the antidote for heparin toxicity?

Answer 20

protamine sulfate

Question 21

What adverse effect of tamoxifen therapy should be reported immediately?

Answer 21

blood clots

Question 22

What is a common side effect of ACE inhibitors?

Answer 22

dry, irritating cough

Question 23

What is the cross sensitivity with cephalosporins?

Answer 23

penicillins

Question 24

What medication is given to treat hepatic encephalopathy?

Answer 24

lactulose

Question 25

When should glucagon be given?

Answer 25

patients with hypoglycemia that are unconscious

Question 26

What is an expected side effect of taking metformin?

Answer 26

weight loss

Question 27

How should ferrous sulfate be taken to prevent teeth staining?

Answer 27

through a straw

Question 28

what odor is expected with acetylcysteine and should not cause the pt/nurse to be alarmed?

Answer 28

rotten eggs

Question 29

What class of drugs requires patients to sit upright for at least 30 mins after taking it?

Answer 29

bisphosphonates (-dronate)

Question 30

Why is completing a medication reconciliation necessary?

Answer 30

prevent drug interactions

Question 31

What does oprelvekin do to the platelet count in the blood?

Answer 31

increases platelet count

Question 32

When it necessary to evaluate the peak of a transfusion medication?

Answer 32

30 mins after the completion of the infusion

Question 33

what are possible adverse effects of taking PPI's long-term?

Answer 33

pneumonia, osteoporosis, rebound hypersecretion, hepatotoxicity, hypomagnesemia

Question 34

What is a contraindication to NSAID therapy?

Answer 34

PUD (peptic ulcer disease)

Question 35

What is not used as monotherapy for hypertension in African American patients?

Answer 35

ACE inhibitors

Question 36

What drugs can decrease the absorption of most drugs and should be taken 1-2 hrs before or after other drugs?

Answer 36

antacids

Question 37

What would a decrease in stomach pain indicate in a patient taking misoprostol?

Answer 37

effective treatment

Question 38

What organ is heavily impacted by antitubercular drugs?

Answer 38

liver

Question 39

What is a desirable effect of beta blockers? Within what range does this no longer become desirable?

Answer 39

decreased HR, and HR < 50 bpm

Question 40

How should hypoglycemia be prevented in those taking sulfonylureas?

Answer 40

patient should eat

Question 41

What are the contraindications to anticholinergic therapy?

Answer 41

BPH and narrow angle glaucoma

Question 42

What can decrease the effectiveness of H2 blockers?

Answer 42

smoking

Question 43

What adverse effects that may occur with corticosteroid treatment?

Answer 43

infections, osteoporosis, and hyperglycemia

Question 44

What diuretic is often used as first line treatment for HTN?

Answer 44

hydrochlorothiazide

Question 45

Why are sublingual nitroglycerin tablets given?

Answer 45

acute chest pain

Question 46

If a patient is experiencing N/V, jaundice, anorexia, dark urine and abdominal discomfort, what might you suspect they are experiencing?

Answer 46

hepatotoxicity

Question 47

What education should be provided to pts taking medications that may cause orthostatic hypotension?

Answer 47

change positions slowly and dangle legs

Question 48

what preexisting condition should we avoid giving decongestants to?

Answer 48

HTN

Question 49

What may be caused by potassium sparing diuretics and ACE inhibitors?

Answer 49

hyperkalemia

Question 50

What adverse effect may occur with fluoroquinolones?

Answer 50

tendon rupture and arthropathy

Question 51

What class of medication is diltiazem? What effects may occur with this med?

Answer 51

calcium channel blocker and bradycardia and peripheral edema

Question 52

What safety precautions should patients taking heparin and warfarin take to prevent bleeding?

Answer 52

soft bristle toothbrush, electric razor; they can also wear medic alert bracelet

Question 53

What is required by the nurse before administering digoxin?

Answer 53

obtain an apical pulse; must be > 60 bpm

Question 54

What is a major side effect of opioids that may also become an adverse effect if not treated?

Answer 54

constipation

Question 55

What is an adverse effect of mannitol?

Answer 55

heart failure

Question 56

What is used to treat anaphylaxis?

Answer 56

epinephrine

Question 57

What may happen to the effectiveness of birth control while taking antibiotics or seizure medications?

Answer 57

Decrease effectiveness of oral contraceptives, so barrier method is important

Question 58

How does sucralfate work?

Answer 58

by forming a protective layer over ulcers, allowing them to heal

Question 59

What lab may increase the risk for digoxin toxicity?

Answer 59

hypokalemia

Question 60

What lab can help determine appropriate kidney function?

Answer 60

creatinine

Question 61

What symptom may occur if a patient is experiencing salicylism?

Answer 61

tinnitus

Question 62

What medication is given as the antidote for hypermagnesemia?

Answer 62

calcium gluconate

Question 63

What intake should be increased while taking loop diuretics?

Answer 63

potassium

Question 64

How can peripheral neuropathy be prevented in patients taking INH (isoniazid)?

Answer 64

taking pyridoxine (B6)

Question 65

what should be avoided while taking methylxanthines?

Answer 65

caffeine

Question 66

When should levothyroxine be taken?

Answer 66

1hr before breakfast and 4hrs before other meds

Question 67

When is a trough level taken?

Answer 67

just before the next dose of medication

Question 68

What should be consumed while taking ferrous sulfate to enhance absorption?

Answer 68

Vitamin C/orange juice

Question 69

Which MDI should be used first in respiratory pts?

Answer 69

bronchodilators (albuterol)

Question 70

What adverse effect may occur while taking albuterol?

Answer 70

palpitations