Exam 3 Flashcards
(88 cards)
In dogs, prolapsed uterus typically occurs when in relation to parturition
during (or shortly after) parturition
What hormones are shifting (and in what direction) that leads to the development of pseudopregnancy?
declining P4 in the face of rising prolactin
If an owner requests medical treatment for their dog showing signs of pseudopregnancy, what general type of drug would be indicated?
Dopamine agonist
remember, dopamine and prolactin always go in opposite directions
A bitch presents to you with a malodorous, red/brown vaginal discharge. The owners inform you she just had puppies a few days ago but doesn’t seem very interested in them recently.
Upon physical exam, she is febrile and depressed.
Based on the timeline and clinical signs, what’s your top differential? What would be a good next step?
Metritis
Take radiograph to rule out a retained fetus
In dogs, which form of mastitis is most serious and why?
Acute mastitis; can be life-threatening to dam
Most common isolate from dogs with mastitis
Staph aureus
What signalment/type of dog would you expect to be affected with eclampsia/hypocalcemia
small breed dog with a large litter
heavy lactation demands
How does the presentation of hypocalcemia differ between dogs and cows
in dogs, it leads to tetany/tremors
in cows, flaccid paralysis (prevents ACh release)
In dogs, uterine involution is usually complete by _______ (timeframe). If this gets delayed, the dog is at risk of developing?
12weeks (3months)
SIPS
A 2yr old bitch presents to you for hemorrhagic vaginal discharge. After talking to the owners, you learn that she recently had her first litter of puppies about 3.5 weeks ago.
After ruling out other potential causes, you diagnose the bitch with SIPS. Is this likely to recur with subsequent pregnancies?
NO
Most common location for placement of intraosseous catheters in canine neonates?
proximal femur (trochanteric fossa)
What 4 things are important to check for/evaluate in neonates during physical exam
cleft palate
anus (atresia ani)
limbs/digits
auscultation
What 2 procedures are typically done on neonates using only local anesthesia. And at what age are these usually done?
Dewclaw removal and tail docking
typically done together at around 3-6d of age
Though cattle are usually culled for aglactia, what is the treatment of choice in our other spp. (i.e. dog and horse)
Domperidone (dopamine antagonist)
What recommendations would you make to an owner who’s puppy is diagnosed is puppy vaginitis in regards to treatment and future care?
tx is probably not needed (most resolve on their own)
Allow this dog to have at least her first heat cycle before spaying
In dogs, vaginal prolapse is stimulated by ______ and most commonly occurs ________?
ESTROGEN
Late proestrus (less commonly occurs near parturition)
2 reasons we recommend spay for dogs with vaginal prolapse
1) it’s likely heritable so we don’t want to breed these dogs
2) it will increase in severity with each subsequent estrus
In dogs, most vaginal neopalsias are _______ (malignant/benign) and the most common one is ______
Benign
Leiomyoma
In cows, vaginal prolapse typically occurs?
What is our usual tx? Are there any exceptions?
Prepartum
Cull (affected female AND her offspring)
Exception= embryo donors (prolapse due to high estrogen, not heritable)
When treating vaginal prolapse in cows, the Buhner technique serves to mimic the natural function of which muscle?
Constrictor vestibuli
The minchev technique for repair of vaginal prolapse in cows anchors the dorsal vagina to which structure
sacrosciatic ligament
In cows, which vaginal prolapse repair technique if common for embryo donor cows & allows normal breeding and parturition
Winkler’s cervicopexy
In most spp. vaginal prolapse occurs _____ except for which spp.? When does it occur in them?
In most–> prepartum
Not in dogs
dogs= proestrus or estrus (when estrogen is high)
In ALL spp., uterine prolapse is considered to be ________ (it’s cause)
an incident of parturition
