Exam 3 Antifungals

Question 1

fungi are

Answer 1

eukaryotic organisms with characteristics that make them susceptible to certain drugs (chitin, glucans, mannans, plasma membrane ergosterol)

Question 2

drugs that inhibit fungal growth are classified by

Answer 2

their site of activity

Question 3

allylamines

Answer 3

inhibits lanosterol metabolism

Question 4

antimetabolites

Answer 4

inhibits nucleic acid synthesis

Question 5

azoles

Answer 5

inhibits ergosterol synthesis

Question 6

fungins

Answer 6

inhibits cell wall synthesis

Question 7

griseofulvin

Answer 7

inhibits fungal mitosis

Question 8

polyenes

Answer 8

disrupts membrane function

Question 9

amphoteracin B MOA

Answer 9

binds to ergosterol in cell membrane causing loss of integrity, leaking and cell death

Question 10

amphoteracin B adverse events

Answer 10

dose dependent nephrotoxicity, fever, phlebitis, tremors, and renal potassium wasting, nyasttin (PU/PD, V/D)

Question 11

amphoteracin B efect

Answer 11

polyene antifungal; for systemic fungi and some protozoa

Question 12

caspofungin MOA

Answer 12

inhibits synthesis of an integral component of the fungal cell wall

Question 13

caspofungin adverse events

Answer 13

hepatic sensitivity, GI symptoms, increased liver enzymes

Question 14

caspofungin effect

Answer 14

fungin antifunga; fungicidal

Question 15

caspofungin contraindications

Answer 15

interacts with cyclosporines causing elevated liver enzymes and tacrolimus

Question 16

flucytosine MOA

Answer 16

converted to fluorouracil which acts as an antimetabolite and inhibits nucleic acid synthesis

Question 17

flucytosine adverse events

Answer 17

anemia, thrombocytopenia, cutaneous and mucocutaneous eruptions in dogs

Question 18

flucytosin effect

Answer 18

antimetabolite antifungal;

Question 19

flucytosine contraindications

Answer 19

not recommended in dogs

Question 20

griseofulvin MOA

Answer 20

inhibits mitosis of fungal cells eventually killing them

Question 21

griseofulvin adverse events

Answer 21

teratogen, anemia, leukopenia, anorexia, depression, vomiting, diarrhea, FIV, marrow toxicosis with irreversible pancytopenia

Question 22

griseofulvin effect

Answer 22

antifungal;

Question 23

griseofulvin contraindications

Answer 23

not for pregnant cats; caution when giving to patients with FIV

Question 24

terbinafine MOA

Answer 24

targets squalene spoxidase to inhibit argosterol synthesis

Question 25

terbinafine adverse events

Answer 25

vomiting, nausea, anorexia, increased liver enzymes, facial paralysis, hepatotoxic

Question 26

terbinafine effect

Answer 26

allylamine antifungal

Question 27

fluconazole MOA

Answer 27

inhibits ergosterol synthesis in cell membrane

Question 28

fluconazole adverse events

Answer 28

hepatopathy, increaesd liver enzymes, endocrine dysfunction

Question 29

fluconazole effect

Answer 29

azole antifungal

Question 30

fluconazole contraindications

Answer 30

use caution with pregnant animals, has caused fetal abnormalities in lab

Question 31

itriconazole MOA

Answer 31

inhibits ergosterol synthesis in cell membrane

Question 32

itraconazole adverse events

Answer 32

hepatopathy, increased liver enzymes, no endocrine dysfunction, vasculitis, and sin lesions in dogs, vomiting in cats