Exam 3 Ch.14.1-15.1 Flashcards
(22 cards)
What are the three borders for the femoral triangle? What three important structure are found within these boundaries?
• Superiorly: the inguinal ligament that runs from anterior superior iliac spine to pubic symphysis.
• Laterally: the medial edge of Sartorius muscle.
• Medially: the lateral edge of Adductor longus muscle.
Which muscles of the lower limb cross two quadrants? What two quadrants do they span, and what is the innervation associated with the muscle?
Biceps femoris short head cross lateral and posterior quadrants innervated by fibular n.
1/2 TFL cross anterior and lateral quadrants innervated by femoral & fibular n
What structure does the femoral nerve pass through? What about the obturator nerve?
Femoral: inguinal ligament
Obturator: obturator foramen
What three muscles (or quadrants) are part of the Pes Anserinus? “Goose foot”
Sartorius – superficial to gracilis FEMORAL NERVE
Gracilis – insertion just distal to medial condyle of tibia OBTURATOR NERVE
Semitendinosus – distal TIBIAL DIVISION OF SCIATIC NERVE
The sciatic nerve passes under what muscle? What is the innervation and quadrant of this muscle?
Gluteus Maximus
Fibular and gluteal n.
Why is the gluteus medius muscle important clinically?
it is where injections often occur. Not given in gluteus Maximus bc of the sciatic nerve. Won’t be able to feel back of leg or move
What two nerves combine to form the sciatic nerve? What does this nerve pass through? Where does it split into separate nerves?
Fibular and Tibial. Passes through piriformis. Splits at popliteal fossa
What muscles are innervated by the axillary nerve? What action(s) does each of the muscles perform? What joint do they cross?
-Deltoid: abduct/elevate humerus
-Teres minor: laterally rotate humerus
-Triceps brachii long head: extend elbow
-All cross the glenohumeral joint
What is the innervation of the muscle derived from branchial (pharyngeal slit/pouch) muscle? Why is it innervated by this nerve? What action(s) does this muscle perform?
Trapezius innervated by the accessory nerve. Because the arm is close to head during development. Extends head
What muscles are needed for superior rotation of the scapula? Inferior rotation? Protraction? Retraction? Elevation? Depression?
Superior:
1. Upper part of trapezius
2. Inferior part of trapezius
3. Serratus anterior
Inferior:
1. Rhomboids
2. Levator scapulae
3. Pectoralis minor
Protraction:
1. Pectoralis minor
2. Serratus anterior
Retraction:
1. Trapezius & rhomboids
Elevation:
1. Rhomboids
2. Levator scapulae
3. Trapezius(superior)
Depression:
1. Trapezius(inferior)
2. Pectoralis minor
What muscles make up the rotator cuff? Why is it called the rotator cuff? What action(s) do these muscles perform together? What is the common attachment for these muscles?
Supra & infraspinatus-greater tubercle
Teres minor - greater tubercle
Subscapularis-lesser tubercle
Rotate head of humerus in glenoid cavity
What muscles are the synergists and antagonists of: • Pectoralis major
• Latissimus dorsi
• Teres major
• Deltoid
Lattissimus Doris- syn: pectoralis major, teres major to adduct humerus antag: pectoralis major in flexion/extension of shoulder
Deltoid: syn: supraspinatus to abduct humerus
For those muscles that are synergists what are their common attachment points?
Intertubercular groove
What muscles (synergists) will flex the elbow joint? Extend the elbow joint?
Flex: coracobrachialis, biceps brachii and brachialis, brachioradialis
Extend: triceps brachii, anconeus,
What nerve supplies the muscles that supinate the forearm? What about the muscles that pronate the forearm?
Supinate: Radial & musculocutaneus
Pronate: median
What 4 muscles (synergists) will adduct the shoulder joint? Adduct the elbow joint?
Shoulder: Pectoralis major, coracobrachialis, triceps brachii, latissimus dorsi
What muscles attach at the coracoid process of the scapula? Medial border of the scapula? Medial epicondyle of the humerus? Lateral epicondyle of the humerus?
Coracoid process: coracobrachialis, biceps brachii short head, pectoralis minor
Medial border: rhomboid minor, levator scapulae, serratus anterior,
Medial epicondyle: pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor digitorum, flexor carpi ulnaris
Lateral epicondyle: extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi ulnaris, extensor digiti minimi, extensor digitorum
What is the upper limb equivalent for the following lower limb muscles groups?
• Glutes
• Hamstrings • Quadriceps • Adductors • Flexors
• Extensors
-Glutes: deltoid
-hamstrings: biceps
-quads: triceps
-adductors: pectoral groups
-flexors: flexors
-extensors: extensors
What muscles are needed for ulnar deviation? Radial deviation? Will only one nerve be needed to perform each action? Why or why not?
Ulnar: (radial & ulnar) flexor carpi ulnaris & extensor carpi ulnaris(adduction)
Radial: (radial & medial) flexor carpi radialis, extensor carpi radialis longus & brevis(abduction)
What muscles are antagonists of: • Pectoralis major
• Latissimus dorsi
• Biceps brachii
• Forearm extensors
-pectoralis major: deltoid, supra&infraspinatus, teres major&minor, subscapularis
-Latissimus dorsi: deltoid, supra&infraspinatus, biceps brachii, coracobrachialis, pectoralis major, teres minor
-Biceps brachii: triceps brachii
-Forearm extensors: brachioradialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor carpi radialis, pronator teres,
Flexing the wrist requires the use of several muscle and two nerves. What are the two nerves and what muscles to the service specifically during this action?
Median & ulnar.
Flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor digitorum
What muscles help you extend your thumb while hitchhiking a ride from Cochella?
Abductor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis longus & brevis
