Exam 3 Lipid Metabolism I part b Flashcards
(31 cards)
elongation happens where?
smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) or mitochondria
FA are lengthened _ carbons at a time
2 carbons
what is the enzyme for elongation
FA elongase
SER pathway uses _ as carbon donor
malonyl coA
mitochondria uses _ as a carbon donor
acetyl coA
desaturation =? And occur in SER, use NADPH/NADH, and oxygen catalyzed by _
Desaturation = introduction of double bonds; acyl coA desaturases
T/F: FA with double bond beyond carbon 9 and 10 cannot be synthesized in humans
true eg omega 3 FAs and omega 6 FAs (beyond carbon 9)
precursors for omega 3/6 FAs are called
essential FAs
_ acid is used to make arachidonic acid
linoleic acid
_ acid used to make eicosapentanoic acid and docosahexanoic acid
linolenic acid
DHA is important for the development of _
brain
when FAs are in excess, they are incorporated into
TAGs (storage form of lipids)
100,000 kcal in TAGs are stored in
fat and muscle
what are the 3 locations TAGs are built
- dietary TAG processed in intestinal
- de nevo TAG in hepatocytes
- de novo TAG in adipocytes
T/D: TAG synthesis in the liver has a carbohydrate arm and a FA arm
true
TAG synthesis in the liver use _ and _ to form G3P
glucose and glycerol (carbohydrate arm)
_ used as backbone for TAG synthesis
G3P
Fatty acyl coA synthetase does what?
activates FAs by adding coA to FAs
FFA in TAG synthesis in the liver come from:
synthesized in liver from acetyl coA added to G3P to form TAGs in the liver
TAGs packaged with apolipoproteins and other lipids to form a lipoprotein called _
VLDL
VLDLs are released into _
bloodstream
TAG synthesis in hepatocytes promoted by excess _
carbohydrates
G3P -> _ (1 FA, 1 OH, 1 OPO4), -> _ (2 FA, 1 OPO4) -> DAG -> TAG
G3P -> Lysophosphatidic acid -> phosphatidic acid
extra glucose in the blood form _ which is the backbone for TAG. In adipocytes there is not direct _ because…
Form G3P; in adipocytes there is no direct phosphorylation of glyercol to G3P bc glycerol kinase is absent in adipocytes
