Location
Cytosol
No ATP is __ or __
Produced or consumed
First step (glucose 6P -> 6 phosphoglucono-o-lactone)
Glucose 6 DH
Anything that consumes ___ and __ stimulates PPP
NADPH
Ribose
Oxidative phase are ___ steps
Irreversible
Oxidative Phase makes
2 NADPH
NADPH used in
Reductive biosynthesis
Detoxification
Respiratory burst
Antioxidant regeneration
Non -oxidative phase are __ steps
Reversible
Ribose 5 phosphate can be used for
Nucleic acids
ATP
CoA
NAD, FAD
Ribose 5 phosphate can be turned into ___ and ___ for glycolysis
Glyceraldehyde 3P
Fructose 6P
Using an epimerase, ribose 5 phosphate produces
Xylulose 5 phosphate (X5P)
Increase in sugar causes G6P to enter glycolysis and PPP, which increases
X5P
X5P binds ____, which dephosphorylates PFK2
Phosphatase 2A
PFK2 activates PFK1 and inhibits FBPase1, blocking
Gluconeogenesis
These 2 enzymes help transition between ribose 5P and glycolysis intermediates
Transketolase
Transaldolase
NADPH can be used to build
Fat
Cholesterol
Steroid hormones
Bile salts
Detoxification makes toxins ___ by adding ___ so they can be excreted in urine
Water soluble
-OH
Detoxification occurs where?
ER of liver
___ system adds -OH to aromatic and aliphatic compounds for detoxification
Cytochrome p450 monooxygenase system
Respiratory burst means WBC are taking in more
O2
O2 + electrons =
Reactive molecules
Goal of respiratory burst
Create harsh chemistry to kill bacteria
Superoxide
O2-
O2- —> H2O2
Superoxide dismutase
H2O2
Hydrogen peroxide
H2O2 —> HOCl
Myeloperoxidase
HOCl
Hypochlorous Acid
Antioxidant regeneration goal
Add election to antioxidants to keep protecting body from free radicals
“Quenching” free radicals
ROS or RNS attack protein in ___, ___ and ___
Cells
DNA
Phospholipids
O2- created by
ETC
Cytochrome p450
WBC
Superoxide dismutase found
Everywhere
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria
ECM
H202 —> H2O + O2
Catalase
Catalase found
Cell peroxisomes
H2O2 —> 2H2O
Glutathione peroxidase
Glutathione peroxidase found
Cytosol
Mitochondria