exam 4 muscles and bones Flashcards
(109 cards)
1
Q
skeletal structure of pharyngeal oral apparatus
A
skull
maxilla
mandible
frontal bone
zygomatic
sphenoid
temporal
parietal
styloid process
2
Q
alveolar process
A
bone that holds teeth
3
Q
left and right halves of the mandible join at the line of union
A
fibrous symphysis
4
Q
which of the 2 processes is closest to the teeth
A
coronoid process
5
Q
sphenomandibular ligament function
A
limits down and back movement of the mandible
6
Q
temporomandibular ligament function
A
limits down and back movement of the condyle
7
Q
stylomandibular ligament function
A
limits down and forward movement of the mandible
8
Q
what is the top of the oral cavity bounded by
A
hard palate and velum
9
Q
what is the bottom of the oral cavity bounded by
A
floor of the mouth and tongue
10
Q
what is the back of the oral cavity bounded by
A
anterior faucial pillars
11
Q
5 subdivisions of the tongue (teeth side to throat side)
A
tip, blade, dorsum, root, body
12
Q
where is the buccal cavity
A
space between teeth and cheeks
13
Q
what lines most of the mouth to keep it moist
A
shiny squamous epithelium
14
Q
what lines the gums and hard palate
A
masticatory mucosa
15
Q
passive force
A
natural recoil of structures
16
Q
active force
A
muscle contraction
17
Q
intrinsic muscle ends
A
both ends are attached with in the oral pharyngeal structure
18
Q
extrinsic muscle ends
A
one end is attached with in the oral pharyngeal structure and the other end is attached outside the oral pharyngeal structure
19
Q
types of muscle contractions
A
concentric, eccentric, and isomettric
20
Q
concentric muscle contraction
A
muscle shortens as it contracts
21
Q
eccentric muscle contraction
A
muscle lengthens as it contacts
22
Q
isometric muscle contractions
A
muscle generates force with out changing length
23
Q
what are the muscles of the lower jaw
A
masseter
temporalis
internal pterygoid
external pterygoid
digastric
mylohyiod
geniohyoid
24
Q
masseter
A
helps with chewing, and helps close mouth
25
temporalis
up and backwards pull on mandible
26
internal pterygoid
elevated mandible and goes side to side (grinding teeth)
27
external pterygoid
causes condyle to slide forward and down (one by the ear to dislodge from temporal bone)
28
digastric
creates distance between the jaws
29
mylohoid
lowers mandible but elevates the hyoid bone and oral cavity
30
geniohyoid
pulls the hyoid bone up and forward during chewing
31
what are the 4 instrinsic muscles of the tongue
superior longitudinal
inferior longitudinal
vertical
transverse
32
what are the 4 extrinsic muscles of the tongue
styloglossus
palatoglossus
hyoglossus
genioglossus
33
where is the superior longitudinal muscle (what does it control)
the top of the tongue and it shortens the tongue
34
where is the inferior longitudinal muscle (what does it do)
its the underside of the tongue and shortens the tongue
35
where is the vertical muscle at (what does it do)
it is just below the dorsum of the tongue and flattens the tongue
36
where is the transverse muscle at (what does it do)
along the middle of the tongue and creates lizard tongue
37
where is the styloglossus muscle at (what does it do)
it is at the front side of the styloid process of the temporal bone and the stylomandibular ligament and helps pull tongue up and back
38
where is the palatoglossus muscle at (what does it do)
it is in the soft palate and back of tongue and helps close off throat from mouth
39
where is the hyoglossus muscle at (what does it do)
it is on the floor of the month and sides of tongue and it depresses and retracts the tongue
40
where is the genioglossus muscle at (what does it do)
it is the bottom of the body of the tongue and sticks tongue out and moves side to side
41
broad transverse facial muscle that pulls corner of mouth back and to the side
buccinator
42
small transverse facial muscle that pulls corner of the mouth back and to the side
risorius
43
angular muscle that is located below the eye but in front of the maxillary and zygomatic bones that elevates and turns the upper lip
levator labii superioris
44
angular muscle that is located in front of the maxilla and elevates the upper lip and flares the nose
levator labii superioris alegue nasi
45
angular muscle that is located on the side of the zygomatic bone and pulls corners of mouth back and creates smileish
zygomatic major
46
angular muscle that is located on the inner surface of the zygomatic bone that elevates the upper lip and corners of the mouth
zygomatic minor
47
angular muscle that is located on the front surface of the mandible that pulls the lower lip downward and toward the side
depressor labii inferioris
48
vertical muscle that is located on the frond and side of the mandible near the midline and is called the pouting muscle
mentalis
49
vertical muscle that is located on the front of the maxilla that pulls the corners of the mouth up and out and purses the lips together
levator anguli oris
50
vertical muscle that is located on the outer surface of the mandible that pulls the corners of the mouth down and forces upper lip into bottom
depressor anguli oris
51
parallel muscle that is located on top of the maxilla in the region of the canine tooth that pulls the corners of the mouth up and towards the midline
incisivus labii superioris
52
parallel muscle that is located on top of the mandible in the region of the canine tooth that pulls the corners of the mouth down and towards the midline
incisivus labii inferioris
53
broad muscle that covers most of the front and side of neck and side of the face that pulls skin from the neck toward the mandible and can pull lower lip to the sides and down
platysma
54
what type of air flow is required to produce many speech sounds and help move food backwards during swallowing
resistance
55
what are the 5 structural aspects of the velopharyngeal-nasal structure
skeletal superstructure, pharynx, velum, nasal cavities, and outer nose
56
pharynx
throat
57
pharyngeal cavity that stretches from the nose to velum
nasopharynx
58
pharyngeal cavity that stretches from the velum to the hyoid bone
oropharynx
59
pharyngeal cavity that stretches from hyoid bone to the cricoid cartilage
laryngopharynx
60
called the curtain located in the soft palate and separates the nasal cavity from the oral cavity
velum
61
what are the 4 components of the nasal septum
frontal bone, cartilage, ethmoid bone, and the vomer bone
62
what are the 6 muscles of the pharynx
superior constrictor
middle constrictor
inferior constrictor
salpingopharyngeus
stylopharyngeus
palatopharyngeus
63
which pharynx muscle is located at the upper boarder of the pharynx and creates forward movement of the posterior pharyngeal wall
superior constrictor
64
which pharynx muscle is located at the midportion of the pharyngeal tube and also helps squeeze throat to aid swallowing
middle constrictor
65
which pharynx muscle is located at the bottom part of the pharynx and is the most powerful of the constrictor muscles
inferior constrictor
66
what muscle comes from the lower border of the eustachian tube and pulls up and in making the pharynx thinner
salpingopharyngeus
67
what muscle comes from the styloid process of the temporal bone and widens the pharyngeal lumen
stylopharyngeus
68
what muscle runs the length of the pharynx and also makes up the velum and pulls the pharyngeal walls up, forward, and together
palatopharyngeus
69
what muscle makes up 40% of the velum and pulls the velum up and back
palatal levator
70
what muscle lies outside of the palatal levator and opens the eustachian tube
palatal tensor
71
what muscle is the only intrinsic muscle of the velum and shortens the uvula
uvulus
72
what muscle of the tongue and velum is located on the side of the tongue and pulls down and forward on the velum
glossopalantine
73
what muscle stretches from the walls of the pharynx to the thyroid cartilage and pulls down and back on the velum
platopharyngeus
74
which manner of production blocks airflow, builds pressure then releases it fast, and has tight vp
stop plosive
75
which manner of production pushes air through a small gap super fast and has tight vp
friticative
75
which manner of production starts like stop plosive but let air our slower and tight vp
affricate
76
which manner of production blocks mouth and lets air through nose and open vp
nasal
77
which manner of production has a small mouth gap and is not as tight as other consonants with closed vp
semivowel
77
labial
lips
78
labiodental
lip and teeth
79
dental
tongue and teeth
80
alveolar
tongue and gum
81
palatal
tongue and hard palate
82
velar
tongue and velum
83
glottal
vocal folds
84
what has no significant constriction of the vocal tract (vowels or consonants)
vowels
85
what has open sounds (vowels or consonants)
vowels
86
what is acoustically more intense (vowels or consonants)
vowels
87
what demonstrates more sonority (vowels or consonants)
vowels
88
what functions as syllable nuclei (vowels or consonants)
vowels
89
what has significant constriction of the vocal tract (vowels or consonants)
consonants
90
what has constricted sounds (vowels or consonants)
consonants
91
what is acoustically less intense (vowels or consonants)
consonants
92
what demonstrates less sonority (vowels or consonants)
consonants
93
(true or false) articulators do not move from sound to sound in a series of separate steps
true
94
we don't typically produce sounds in ____
isolation
95
forward coarticulation
anticipatory co-articulation
96
backward coarticulation
regressive co-articulation
97
what is the result of coarticulation
assimilation
98
what are the processes that modify directly adjacent sounds
contact assimilations
99
what does it mean if at least one other segment separates the sounds in question, especially when the 2 sounds are in 2 different syllables
remote assimilations
100
what segment influences a following sound in left to right manner
progressive assimilation
100
what sound segment influences a preceding sound
regressive assimilation
101
frequency
pitch
102
amplitude
loudness
103
duration
length
104
how big in length is the newborn pharyngeal cavity
4 cm
105
how big in length is the adult pharynx
12 cm
106
what can be used to measure pharyngeal-oral function
xray
xray microbeam
fmri
