exam 5 Flashcards
(36 cards)
What is the main function of the respiratory system?
Gas exchange
What is acid based balanced dependent on?
CO2?>
How does the respiratory regulate blood pressure?
with angiotensin 2
Which cells pinch off pieces of the lung and clot?
Megakaryocytes
What is pulmonary ventilation
Moving air in and out from the environment
What is gas diffusion?
Gases being transported across respiratory membrane in lungs and between blood and tissues
What is the difference between external and internal respiration?
what does the nasal cavity do for air?
Moistens and warms air with mucus secretions and vessels close to the lining.
how do you slow air down when it flows in?
Turbulent airway circulates and slows it.
How do we clean the air we intake?
Through turbulent airway and mucus
Movement of the air that bumps against walls in the ____ help with smell
Olfactory
What tissue moves the mucous back to the throat?
The lining of the mucosa made of epithelium and areolar tissue
What cells does the respiratory mucosa have?
Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium cells.
What sweeps mucus toward the throat?
Cilia
why are cartilage rings C-shaped?
They leave room to open so that they can expand
what is the cartilage at the base of the trachea called?
Carina
what do the bronchioles have in place of cartilage?
smooth muscle
how many air sacs do you have per lung?
300 million
what is the main cell in alveoli?
Type 1 pneumocytes (simple squamous epithelium)
what is the main job of Type 1 pneumocytes
simple diffusion of gases
What do alveolar macrophages (dust cells) do?
kill and eat particles
What do type 2 pneumocytes do?
secretes a surfactant that breaks up the surface tension in the alveoli and breaks up water so it’s only on the edges and air can get in.
what does the diaphragm do?
It flattens and moves down when contracted
When do you use the diaphragm?
during inhalation
