exam 5 - antimalarials and parasites Flashcards
(21 cards)
how is lice transmitted
direct contact and lays eggs
how are worms transmitted
fecal-oral
at risk for lice and worms
school age children
lice symptoms
itching and allergic reaction to bites
worms symptoms
compromised nutrition, dec cognition, tissue rxns, intestinal obstruction, stunted growth and fitness
what are the antiparasitics for lice
pyrethrin and spinosad
moa perethrins
nerve membrane sodium channel toxins only found in insects
moa spinosad
rapid excitation of insect nervous system causes death
what are the antiparasitics for worms
albendazole and mebendazole and pyrantel pamoate
moa benzimidazoles
inhibits microtubule formation via capping w/ high affinity for helminth tubulin
moa pyrantel pamoate
depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent via ACH release and paralyzes worms and expels them
how is malaria transmitted
mosquitos
what are the organisms that mainly cause malaria
plasmodium falciparium and vivax
what malaria organisms cause relapse
vivax and ovale
what does malaria do to hemoglobin
ingests hemoglobin and polymerizes heme to hemozin
moa artemisin
activated by heme iron to form free radicals
may also inhibit PfPI3k
key functional group artemisin
endoperoxide
moa chloroquine
accumulates in food vacuole and inhibits polymerization to build up free heme (toxic)
moa primaquine
hydroxylation by 2D6 and spontaneous oxidation to H202 (kills malaria)
what is the drug of choice for p. vivax and chloroquine
primaquine
moa doxy
chemoprophylaxis for increased resistance
