Exam 5 lecture 29 and 30

Question 1

Ion channels

Answer 1

-Leak channels
-Gated channels (chemically gated, voltage gated, mechanically gated)

Question 2

Depolarization

Answer 2

more positive

Question 3

Hyperpolarization

Answer 3

More negative

Question 4

Sodium action potential

Answer 4

-Big depolarization
Vm: -70 mV
Cl high outside
K high inside
Na high outside

Question 5

Threshold

Answer 5

-Must have depolarizing stimulus to reach threshold
-More positive than Vm
-Voltage gated channels open

Question 6

Voltage gated K channels

Answer 6

-Slower to open and close
-Open during repolarization phase

Question 7

Voltage gated Na channels

Answer 7

-Has pore that allows it to be open
-Reset and capable of being opened
-Open during depolarization phase

Question 8

Unmylinated

Answer 8

Continuous propagation
Slower

Question 9

Mylinated

Answer 9

Nodes of ranvier are where voltage gated Na are.

AP jumps over myelin, faster

Question 10

Synapse

Answer 10

-Short distance communication between a neuron and target cell
-Electrical signal is converted to chemical signal

Presynaptic: sender
Postsynaptic: reciever
Synaptic cleft: Gap between pre/post. Ensures one way communication

Question 11

Reaches synapse

Answer 11

1.Triggers voltage gated Ca2+ channels
2. Ca2+ releases NT by making vesicles go to membrane and fuse

Question 12

Ligand gated ion channels

Answer 12

-Open right when chemical binds

Question 13

Common NT

Answer 13

Norepinephrine: ANS, sympathetic
Acetylcholine: Neuromuscular junction, parasympathetic

Question 14

NT steps

Answer 14

1. NT released by presynaptic cell
2. Receptor type on postsyynaptic cell
   [determines type of response]
3. Duration of NT and receptor interaction [determines strength of response]