Exam 1 lecture 3/4 Flashcards
(18 cards)
RNA world hypothesis
-RNA molecules acted as both DNA and proteins
Origin of eukaryotic cells
-2 free living prokaryotic cells living in another
-Endosymbiotic process
Evidence of endosymbiotic process
-Mitochondria and chloroplasts have own DNA and act as free living
3 domains of life
Archaea, bacteria, Eucarya
Relationship between 3 domains of life
- Bacteria
- Archaea
- Single celled eukaryotes
- Multicellular eukaryotes
-Archaea and Eukarya are more closely related than bacteria
Phylogeny
Evolutionary tree
How to interpret phylogeny
-Base of the tree: earliest common ancestor
-Organisms that share a recent common ancestor are more closely related
-As branches go on, time go ons
Sister taxa
Shares common ancestor most recently
Steps to infer phylogeny
- Gather information
- Identify shared traits
- Building the tree
- Use parsimony
Internal nodes
Ancestral things that used to exist
Monophyletic group
Group that includes a common ancestor and all of its descendants
Paraphyletic group
Group that includes a common ancestor but not all of its decendents
Parsimony
Fewest evolutionary events
Convergent evolution
Similarity not due to common ancestory
Shared derived characters
Shared but changed from previous states
Homology
Similarity due to shared common ancestory
Primitive
Ancestral
Out group
You know its not similar