Exam II Lecture VII

Question 1

Layers of scalp

Answer 1

SCALP
Skin
Connective tissue
Aponeurosis
Loose areolar tissue
Pericranium

Question 2

Cutaneous nerve supply to scalp is via

Answer 2

Trigeminal nerve (CN V)
Cervical spinal nerves:
-Greater auricular
-Greater occipital
-Lesser occipital

Question 3

Vascular supply to scalp via

Answer 3

Branches of external carotid

Branches of internal carotid

Question 4

Branches of external carotid include

Answer 4

Occipital
Posterior auricular
Superficial temporal

Question 5

Branches of internal carotid include

Answer 5

Supratrochlear

Supraorbital

Question 6

Brain is supplied by what arteries - these arteries are located where and anastomose to form what

Answer 6

Two internal carotid arteries
Two vertebral arteries
Located in subarachnoid space
Anastamose to form circle of willis

Question 7

Circle of willis function

Answer 7

Interconnects the internal carotid and vertebral system to create alternative routes for blood flow in case of blockage

Question 8

Components of circle of willis

Answer 8

Internal carotid arteries
Anterior/posterior/middle cerebral arteries
Anterior/posterior communicating arteries

Question 9

Spaces in brain superficial to deep

Answer 9

Epidural space
Dura mater
Subdural space
Leptomeninx
-arachnoid
-pia mater

Question 10

Anterior meningeal arteries are from

Answer 10

Ethmoidal arteries and internal carotid

Question 11

Middle meningeal artery is from

Answer 11

Maxillary artery

Question 12

Emissary veins are between

Answer 12

Dural venous sinuses and external veins

Question 13

Blood vessels of meninges includes

Answer 13

Anterior/middle meningeal arteries
Emissary veins
Diploic veins
Cerebral veins

Question 14

Is there any epidural space in the skull

Answer 14

No

Question 15

Dura mater

Answer 15

Around spinal cord, dura mater forms a CT tube that is separated from the bone of the vertebral foramina by a space called epidural space

Question 16

Dura mater serves as the ______ in the cranial cavity

Answer 16

Periosteum

Question 17

Falx cerebri

Answer 17

Midline fold of dura mater between two cerebral hemispheres

Question 18

Tentorium cerebelli

Answer 18

Dural folds between cerebellum and occipital lobes of cerebral hemispheres

Question 19

Falx cerebelli

Answer 19

Dural fold between two cerebellar hemispheres

Question 20

Diaphragma sellae

Answer 20

Dural fold over hypophyseal fossa

Question 21

Dural sinuses are

Answer 21

Endothelial lined spaces between periosteal and meningeal layers of the dura

Question 22

Superior sagittal sinus

Answer 22

Lies along superior margin of falx cerebri

Begins at crista galli and ends at occipital protuberence

Question 23

Inferior sagittal sinus

Answer 23

Lies along inferior margin of falx cerebri

Ends in straight sinus

Question 24

Straight sinus

Answer 24

Lies at intersection of falx cerebri and tentorium cerebelli
Formed at intersection of inferior sagittal sinus with great cerebral vein
Joins confluence of sinuses

Question 25

Confluence of sinuses

Answer 25

Common confluence of superior sagittal, transverse, and straight sinuses

Question 26

Transverse sinuse

Answer 26

Begins at confluence of sinuses Extends along edges of tentorium cerebri Right receives blood from superior sagittal Left (dominant) receives blood from straight sinus

Question 27

Sigmoid sinus

Answer 27

Continuations on either side of straight sinus S shaped End at jugular foramina Become internal jugular veins

Question 28

Cavernous sinus

Answer 28

Large venous plexus on each side of sella turcica

Question 29

Superior petrosal sinus

Answer 29

Runs on either side from cavernous sinus to junction of transverse and sigmoid sinus

Question 30

Inferior petrosal sinus

Answer 30

Run on either side from cavernous sinus to junction of sigmoid sinus and internal jugular vein

Question 31

CSF flow chart

Answer 31

``` Choroid plexuses--> Ventricles--> Through apertures--> Into subarachnoid space--> Through arachnoid villi--> Into dural venous sinuses--> Into internal jugular veins ```

Question 32

Space between the arachnoid and pia mater is _____ and is filled by

Answer 32

Subarachnoid space filled with CSF

Question 33

What allows CSF to flow from subarachnoid space into dural sinuses

Answer 33

Arachnoid villi

Question 34

What attaches arachnoid to pia mater

Answer 34

Delicate strands of CT arachnoid trabeculae

Question 35

Pia mater is what layer

Answer 35

Innermost layer

Question 36

Arterial supply to upper part of spinal cord

Answer 36

Anterior spinal artery Sulcal branches Posterior spinal arteries

Question 37

Anterior spinal artery is from

Answer 37

Union of vertebral arteries

Question 38

Sulcal branches that go into anterior median fissure are from

Answer 38

Anterior spinal artery

Question 39

Posterior spinal arteries branch from

Answer 39

Vertebral arteries or posteroinferior cerebellar arteries