Exam Qs

Question 1

In the context of ANOVA, the term ‘MS’ refers to

Answer 1

Variability

Question 2

What do you need to know to calculate the MS in an ANOVA

Answer 2

Sum of squares

df

Question 3

How many null hypotheses are typically associated with a 2-way factorial ANOVA?

Answer 3

3

Question 4

What is the main advantage of undertaking an experiment with a repeated measures design over an independent-groups design

Answer 4

You don’t need to include as many participants

Question 5

A researcher conducts a study that has 3 factors.

Each factor has 2 levels.

All participants take part in all conditions.

What type of ANOVA would be appropriate?

Answer 5

2x2x2 repeated-measures ANOVA

Question 6

When should a mixed factorial ANOVA be avoided?

Answer 6

When all participants undertake all conditions.

When there are only 2 groups of participants undertaking a single condition

When there is only 1 group of participants undertaking only 2 conditions

Question 7

Which of these tests offers the highest level of protection against type 1 errors?

Tukey’s HSD

Scheffe’s

Fisher’s LSD

Bonferroni

Answer 7

Tukey’s HSD

Question 8

Which of these corrections is related to sphericity?

LSD

Hugh-Feldt

Bonferroni

Answer 8

Hugh-Feldt

Question 9

Is sample size an ethical issue?

Answer 9

Yes

Question 10

Which of these tests is most prone to type-2 errors?

Tukey’s HSD

Scheffe’s

Fishers LSD

Bonferroni

Answer 10

Bonferroni

Question 11

Which tests have greater statistical power?

Parametric or non-parametric

Answer 11

Parametric tests

Question 12

What type of test should a researcher use to analyse nominal data?

Answer 12

Chi-squared

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of a true experimental design?

Casual comparison

Static group comparison

Convenience sampling

RCT

Answer 13

RCT

Question 14

Which of these is an example of a quasi-experimental design?

RCT

Solomon 4group design

Static group comparison

Pre-experimental design

Answer 14

Static group comparison

Question 15

Which of the following tests in the non-parametric equivalent of the independent samples t-test?

Wilcoxon signed-rank test

Friedmans ANOVA

Mann-Whitney U test

Spearman’s Rank order correlation

Answer 15

Mann whitney u test

Question 16

Which declaration is a statement of ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects, including research on identifiable human material and data?

Answer 16

The Helsinki Declaration

Question 17

In the context of ANOVA, variability is the

Answer 17

Mean square

Question 18

How is mean square calculated?

Answer 18

Sum of squares / df

Question 19

When conducting post-hoc comparisons in the 1-way independent ANOVA, what procedure is most likely to yield statistically significant differences between group means?

Answer 19

Tukeys HSD

Question 20

In multiple regression case wise diagnostics, if you had a normal sample, 95% of cases would have standardised residuals with what range

Answer 20

-2 to 2

Question 21

A study has 3 groups each with 8 participants.

If the SSm for this study is 38.26, what would the SSbetween be?

Answer 21

38.26 x 8 = 306.08

Question 22

In the formula for Chi-square what does O mean

Answer 22

Observed frequency

Question 23

How many null hypothesis could be associated with a 3x2x2 repeated measures factorial ANOVA?

Answer 23

3

Question 24

Which value is most relevant in an experimental context, population variance or sample variance?

Answer 24

Sample variance

Question 25

Which value tells us the total dispersion of values in the data set from the mean?

Answer 25

Sum of squared errors

Question 26

Why might the use of a 2 group pre and post test study give you an advantage over one group pre and post test study

Answer 26

By measuring twice, the researcher can establish an effect within 1 group that may result from exposure to a manipulation.

Question 27

Define inter-rater reliability

Answer 27

Measures the degree of agreement between different people observing/assessing the same thing

Question 28

Define split-half reliability

Answer 28

A test for a single knowledge area is split into 2 parts + then both parts given to 1 group of students at the same time.

Question 29

What does it mean if the Durbin-Watson statistic has a value close to 2?

Answer 29

The assumption of independence of errors has been met

Question 30

How many DV and IV are in a 2-way fully repeated measure ANOVA

Answer 30

1 DV 2IV

Question 31

What are the consequences to the degrees of freedom after applying the Greenhouse-Geisser correction factor?

Answer 31

Value of the Greenhouse-Geisser epsilon = 0.934. So the Df for each of the Greenhouse-Geisser tests are 0.934 times the Df for the Sphericity Assumed tests.

Question 32

When assessing whether the results of a study conducted on a sample of participants can be generalised to the population, what are we referring to?

Answer 32

External validity

Question 33

How can you calculate how many groups took part in the study from the ANOVA SPSS output?

Answer 33

df between = no. of groups -1 So if df between groups = 5 Then 5 + 1

Question 34

Calculation for the df interaction

Answer 34

(n-1)(k-1) | no. of columns -1)(no. of rows-1