Exam Questions

Question 1

Energetically unfavorable reactions can only proceed because they are…

Answer 1

coupled to catabolic reactions

Question 2

Nucleotide make up

Answer 2

Base
Ribose Sugar
Phosphate

Question 3

The lipid membrane surrounding Eukaryotes doesn’t contain….

Answer 3

ribosomes

it has cholesterol, carbohydrates, ion channels and receptors

Question 4

The dissociation constant for water is

Answer 4

1 x 10 (-14)

Question 5

Amino acid sequence is described as the …………. structure of a protein

Answer 5

primary

Question 6

An enzyme increases the rate of a spontaneous reaction by…

Answer 6

decreasing the activation energy

Question 7

Monomers of carbohydrates are linked together by,,,,

Answer 7

Glycosidic bonds

Question 8

Catabolism of 1 mol of glucose to lactate generates how many net moles of…

Answer 8

2

Question 9

Ingesting alcohol reduces which of the following intermediates, particularly in the liver

Answer 9

NAD+

Question 10

What is the name of the molecule that transports electrons between complexes III and IV of the electron transport chain?

Answer 10

Cytochrome C

Question 11

ATPase utilizes which of the following mechanisms to generate ATP

Answer 11

Binding-change mechanism

Question 12

Which of the following vitamins is not derived from a lipid?

Answer 12

Vitamin C

Question 13

Which of the following cycles is important in nitrogen metabolism?

Answer 13

Glucose-Alanine Cycle

Question 14

If a person drinks 1 litre of water

Answer 14

approx 1/3 will enter extracellular fluid and 2/3 will enter the intracellular fluid

Question 15

If a person drinks 1 litre of water

Answer 15

approx 1/3 will enter extracellular fluid and 2/3 will enter the intracellular fluid

Question 16

Which of the following statements regarding epithelia is not correct?

Answer 16

A simple epithelium is one which contains only one type of cell

Question 17

The resting membrane potential is directly generated by

Answer 17

the permeability of the resting membrane to K+

Question 18

Which of the following is not an example of a graded potential?

Answer 18

Action potential

Question 19

The end-plate potential is

Answer 19

mediated by voltage gated channels

Question 20

The thick filaments of skeletal muscle are composed of

Answer 20

Myosin

Question 21

Contraction of skeletal muscles requires

Answer 21

release of calcium into the SR

Question 22

An antagonist at a pharmacological receptor

Answer 22

high affinity and low efficacy

Question 23

An antagonist at a pharmacological receptor

Answer 23

high affinity and low efficacy

Question 24

In the sympathetic NS

Answer 24

spinal outflow is thoraco-lumbar

Question 25

Activation of the parasympathetic NS causes

Answer 25

an increase in gut motility

Question 26

Drug that does NOT block transmission at the NMJ

Answer 26

Neostigmine

Question 27

The physiological significance of co-activation of alpha and gamma motor neurones innervating skeletal muscles is tat is ensure

Answer 27

the sensitivity of the muscle spindle is retained

Question 28

Golgi tendon organs are stimulated by

Answer 28

increased tension and cause relaxation of the muscle

Question 29

Viral infection would typically cause elevated levels of which blood cell type?

Answer 29

Lymphocytes

Question 30

If body sodium intake exceeds sodium output, there will be an increase in intracellular fluid volume

Answer 30

FALSE Excessive intake over output will lead to an increased concentration of sodium in the extracellular fluid. The increased osmolarity will then cause an osmotic efflux of water from the intracellular fluid, causing a decrease in its volume.

Question 31

The linear chain of glucose monomers in starch has a reducing end and a non-reducing end

Answer 31

TRUE

Question 32

An increase in entropy is also an increase in randomness

Answer 32

TRUE disorder of a system

Question 33

When 1 mol of glucose is completely catabolised, 6 mol of CO2 and 6 mol of H2O are formed.

Answer 33

TRUE

Question 34

Carbon dioxide is not polar.

Answer 34

TRUE

Question 35

Weight for weight - fats store more energy than carbohydrates

Answer 35

TRUE

Question 36

Cysteine and methionine are the only genetically coded amino-acids to contain sulphur.

Answer 36

TRUE

Question 37

Most of the charge on a protein in solution is likely to come from ionised R groups

Answer 37

TRUE

Question 38

Acetyl CoA is a precursor of cholesterol

Answer 38

TRUE

Question 39

The transitional epithelium of the urinary tract is waterproof and expansible to accommodate the function of the structures it lines

Answer 39

TRUE

Question 40

Action Potential rely on the activity of voltage gated sodium channels

Answer 40

TRUE

Question 41

Hyperammonaemia is a complication of cirrhosis of the liver.

Answer 41

TRUE

Question 42

Why can there NOT be a difference between ICF and ECF osmolarity?

Answer 42

Because water will always move down any osmotic gradient

Question 43

What about cells placed in a solution containing 100mM urea and 150mM NaCl? Will they:

Answer 43

Not change volume

Question 44

A solution containing 100mM urea, 200mM NaCl is:

Answer 44

Hypertonic

Question 45

Cells placed in the solution containing 100mM urea, 200mM NaCl will:

Answer 45

Shrink

Question 46

If you drink 1litre of water, where will the water go?

Answer 46

33% in the ECF, 67% in the ICF

Question 47

If you were to transfuse 1litre of isotonic saline, where would it go?

Answer 47

All in the ECF