EXAM REVIEW: Unit 3: Absolutism and Constitutionalism

Question 1

Who wrote “the Leviathan” and what was it about? (Abs)

Answer 1

Thomas Hobbes, calls for a strong undivided government

Question 2

What is the approximate time period of the age of absolutism? (Abs)

Answer 2

Roughly 1650-1789

Question 3

What was the Fronde? (Abs)

Answer 3

Mob tries to kill 4 year old Louis XIV, he escapes

Question 4

What did Louis XIV do? (Abs)

Answer 4

Removed the nobility, is called the Sun King, early example of absolutism

Question 5

What was the Edict of Nantes, and who created it? (Abs/ Ref)

Answer 5

Granted religious toleration to Huguenots (French Calvinist Protestants), by Henry IV

Question 6

How did Cardinal Richelieu impact absolutism and what did he do? (Abs)

Answer 6

He was chief minister for Louis XIII, pushed to make France a dominant in Europe. Eliminated political and military power of Huguenots in France.

Question 7

What was the Edict of Fountainbleu? (Abs)

Answer 7

Revoked the Edict of Nantes, Huguenots lost their rights to practice Calvinism, about 2000 Huguenots fled France

“The edict of fontainbleu reversed all the rights the Huguenots knew”

Question 8

What was unique about the Palace of Versailles (Abs)

Answer 8

Nobility were forced to live in the Palace, built by Louis XIII

Question 9

What was the purpose of the War of Devolution? (One of the wars of Louis XIII) (Abs)

Answer 9

France wanted Spanish Netherlands, they invade

Question 10

What happened in the Dutch War? (War of Louis XIV)(Abs)

Answer 10

Louis breaks up the Tripe Alliance by signing a treaty with the king of England, Louis invaded Holland in 1672

Question 11

What happened in the War of the League of Augsburg? (War of Louis XIV) (Abs)

Answer 11

Louis tries to push France’s frontier to the northeast into territory along the Rhine, but William of Orange (Britain) forms a new alliance against France

Question 12

What happened in the War of Spanish Succession? (War of Louis XIV) (Abs)

Answer 12

King Charles II of Spain dies, Leopold, the Holy Roman Emperor, challenged the succession for his son, Charles.
European powers couldn’t let a Bourbon gain both Spain and France.
Peace of Utrecht ends the fighting
England, Holland, and HRE are against France
Elector of Brandenburg recognized as king of Prussia

Question 13

What was the main reason for the English civil war? (Abs)

Answer 13

Charles I, leader of Britain, believes in divine right and wants to act as an absolutist monarch, while the Parliament wants more say in laws (Charles I dismisses the Parliament)

Question 14

Who were the royalists/cavaliers during the English civil war? (Abs)

Answer 14

Those who had an allegiance to Charles I and the monarchy

Question 15

Who were the Roundheads during the English civil war? (Abs)

Answer 15

Supporters of the Parliament

Question 16

Leader of the Roundheads and supporter of the Parliament during the English civil war? (Abs)

Answer 16

Oliver Cromwell

Question 17

What was the result of the English civil war? (Abs)

Answer 17

Oliver Cromwell and the Roundheads vote to charge Charles I for treason and go on trial, he is executed, results in the “Interregnum,” which was the 11 year period without a king in England

Question 18

How does Oliver Cromwell rule England during the Interregnum period?(Abs)

Answer 18

Outlaws monarchy, England becomes a dictatorship under Cromwell, many things are abolished, such as Christmas, celebrations, and sports

Question 19

Who takes over England after Oliver Cromwell and the Interregnum period? (Abs)

Answer 19

Charles II, called the “merry monarch” brings back Christmas

Question 20

What does the Restoration refer to? (Abs)

Answer 20

The period after the 11 years in England without a monarchy, when it was ruled by Oliver Cromwell. Charles II will take over

Question 21

What did the Habeas Corpus Act do during the Restoration? (Abs)

Answer 21

Gave someone accused of a crime the right to appear in court

Question 22

Who was crowned ruler of England after Charles II? (Abs)

Answer 22

William of Orange and Mary

Question 23

Why were restrictions put on the rule of William of Orange and Mary during the Restoration? (Abs)

Answer 23

The Parliament wanted to limit the rights of the monarch (post-english civil war)

Question 24

What was the English Bill of Rights? (Abs)

Answer 24

Limited the power of the monarch, written at the beginning of the rule of William of Orange and Mary, gave the Parliament more power

Question 25

What was the Tulip Mania? (Abs)

Answer 25

The time period when Tulip bulbs were bought and sold at high prices, became very popular, but then brought many people into debt when it stopped