Exotics and Lab Animals Flashcards by Sinead Phillips

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What is the most common site for giving snakes IM injections?
Biceps and triceps
Quadriceps
Epaxial
Abdominal obliques

Epaxial

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The most common place to administer an IM injection in an avian patient is the
Quadriceps
Semimembranosus
Pectorals
Triceps

Pectorals

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Most disease conditions in reptiles that are in captivity are due to
Bacteria
Virus
Fungi
Husbandry problems

Husbandry problems

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Regarding house reptiles, what does the term POTZ refer to?
Preferred Optimal Tank
Plastic Outdoor Tank
Preferred Outdoor Temperature Zone
Preferred Optimal Temperature Zone

Preferred Optimal Temperature Zone

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What is the correct term for a newborn mouse?
Squabs
Calves
Pups
Foals

Pups

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Low humidity can cause which of the following conditions in rats?
Ringtail
CRD
Mycoplasma pulmonis
Red tears

Ringtail

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Pterotillomania in birds is
Feather destructive behaviour
Molting
Cage aggression
Food aggression

Feather destructive behaviour

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Select the animal with the longest life expectancy
Hamster
Mouse
Chinchilla
Guinea pig

Chinchilla
10-15 years

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The sex of young mice is determined through
Sexually dimorphic traits do not appear in mice until they are physically mature
Measuring the distance between the anus and the genitalia
Palpation of testicles in males
Body size

Measuring the distance between the anus and the genitalia

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Which of the following is an obligate carnivore
Chinchilla
Ferret
Sugar glider
Hedgehog

Ferret

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Which is a highly contagious and fatal disease against which ferrets are vaccinated
Proliferative colitis
Canine bordetella
Canine adenovirus
Canine distemper

Canine distemper

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Which species might be prone to seizures if restrained in a stressful or frightening manner?
Goat
Cat
Gerbil
Horse

Gerbil

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Where should a pet bird ideally receive an intramuscular injection?
Pectoral muscles
Lower leg muscles
Biceps
Upper leg muscles

Pectoral muscles

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Parturition in rabbits is also known as what?
Whelping
Kindling
Queening
Rabbits do not experience parturition

Kindling

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Hamsters are a popular research animal for work that involves breeding and gestation. What is their gestation period?
16 days
31 days
1 week
2 weeks

16 days

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The correct terminology for the top shell of a tortoise is
Upper shell
Carapace
Dorsal shell
Plastron

Carapace

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What is the term used in reptiles to describe a shed that doesn’t occur naturally?
Dysecdysis
Ecdysis
Ecdylysis
Paraecdysis

Dysecdysis

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What can cause a hamster to go into torpor?
Isoflurane
Low vitamin D level
Cold temperature
Low Vitamin C level

Cold temperature

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Which of the following is the correct medical term for “hairball”?
Diospyrobezoars
Lithbezoar
Trichobezoar
Phytobezoar

Trichobezoar

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Ringworm is caused by
Francisella tularensis
Fungus
Virus
Miconazole

Fungus

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Which of the following species has two pairs of upper incisors?
Rat
Gerbil
Rabbit
Mouse

Rabbit

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Which zoonotic disease in birds can cause respiratory disease in people?
Beak and feather disease
Macaw wasting disease
Parrot fever
Budgerigar fledgling disease

Parrot fever

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Which of the following is the most common site to draw blood from lizards?
Cardiac
Ventral coelomic vein
Tail vein
Subcarapacial venous sinus

Tail vein

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Which of the following is a marsupial? Chinchillas Sugar gliders Hedgehog Gerbils

Sugar gliders

Which of the following is the correct term for Psittacosis (ornithosis)? Avian pox Parrot fever Bird flu Pacheco's

Parrot fever

Which organ found in mammals is NOT found in snakes? Lungs Bladder Gallbladder Brain

Bladder

Small animals can receive anticholinergics as part of the pre-anesthetic protocol Atropine Versed Glycopyrrolate Valium

Glycopyrrolate

Which species does not have a gallbladder? Rabbits Rats Syrian hamsters All mammals have gallbladders

Rats

Which is a TRUE statement about chelonians? They don't have a stomach Some do not have eyelids They don't have a diaphragm They don't have a urinary bladder

They don't have a diaphragm

A snake presenting with dysecdysis is undergoing what? Decomposition Normal physiologic process of skin sloughing External parasitism by mites or ticks Abnormal shedding of the skin

Abnormal shedding of the skin

Which of the following species produce "precocious" offspring Rat Mice Rabbit Guinea pig

Guinea pig

Which of the following can be used to differentiate male and female tortoises? Males have a lighter coloured plastron Males have a darker coloured plastron The plastron is convex in males The plastron is concave in males

The plastron is concave in males

Urate bladder stones in a Sulcata tortoise are most likely to be caused by which of the following? Overcrowded habitat enclosure Dehydration Improper lighting Stress Poor thermoregulation

Dehydration

Where should a subcutaneous injection be given to a snake? Along the back of the snake only after tenting the skin Near the vent, proximal to the opening The cranial 1/3 of the snake along the lateral edge of the ventral scales Anywhere in the distal half of the snake

The cranial 1/3 of the snake along the lateral edge of the ventral scales

Which animal would be most likely to carry Tularemia? Cattle Goats Water buffalo Rabbits

Rabbits

Rat bite fever is zoonotic and is transmitted by a bite from rodents. What is the bacterial cause of rat bite fever? Streptococcus rattus Streptobacillus moniliformis Francisella tularensis Staphylococcus aureus

Streptobacillus moniliformis

Insulinoma tumours are common in which of the following species? Rats Ferrets Gerbils Cats

Ferrets

Proliferative ileitis is a debilitating disease that affects hamsters. What is the common name for this disease? Wet tail Snuffles Dermatitis Crohn's disease

Wet tail

Pasteurella multocida causes what disease in rabbits? Snuffles Heaves Viral hemorrhagic disease Myxomatosis

Snuffles

Which small exotic mammal can slough fur when restrained? Chinchilla Hedgehog Hamster Ferret

Chinchilla

A bird's eye possesses all, EXCEPT Consensual reflex Lens Cornea Nictating membrane

Consensual reflex

A rabbit with severe dandruff is brought into the clinic. After a closer look, dandruff appears to be moving around. What could this be? Cheyletiella Harvest mites Otodectes Psoroptic mange

Cheyletiella

Before administering a distemper vaccine, which drug is often given to ferrets? Imidacloprid Hypnodil Ivermectin Diphenhydramine

Diphenhydramine

Which of the following accurately describes the estrus cycle and gestation period of mice? Estrus 20-28 days, gestation 4-6 days Estrus 4-5 days, gestation 19-21 days Estrus 25-30 days, gestation 60-70 days Mice are induced ovulates, gestation 12-14 days

Estrus 4-5 days, gestation 19-21 days

Which feathers are trimmed during a wing trim on a bird? Primary remiges Secondary remiges Primary rectrices Secondary rectrices

Primary remiges

What is the name of the organ in birds that is an extension of the esophagus and allows for the storage of rapidly consumed food? Ventriculus Proventriculus Ingluvies Cloaca

Ingluvies

Which is the BEST construction material for a tortoise's outdoor enclosure? Barbed wire Chainlink fence Cement blocks Pressure treated wood

Cement blocks

The Bursa of Fabricius would be found in which species? Horses Birds Llamas Rabbits

Birds

All of the following blood vessels are commonly used for venous access on awake rabbits EXCEPT Femoral vein Lateral saphenous vein Cephalic vein Marginal ear vein

Femoral vein

HypoVitaminosis A is most common in what reptile? Chelonians Lizards Snakes Crocodilians

Chelonians

Which condition would most likely cause a bird to lay soft eggs? Pacheco's disease Chlamydiosis Giardia Hypocalcemia

Hypocalcemia

Which small mammal cannot synthesize Vitamin C and must have it supplemented in their diet? Guinea pigs Hamster Gerbils Rabbits

Guinea pigs

A New Caledonian giant gecko at the clinic is suffering from dysecdysis. Which of the following is the most common cause of this for animals in captivity? Improper humidity Improper UVB lighting Genetic susceptibility resulting from inbreeding Viral infection

improper humidity

"Red tears", or chromodacryorrhea, is a substance produced by rats. Where are "red tears" produced? Thyroid gland Mammary gland Harderian gland Salivary gland

Harderian gland Rats under stress may show this red tear production. Due to the connection between the tear ducts and the nasal cavity, the red stain may appear as nasal discharge. Many owners will think it's blood

Rats in your lab are getting "ringtail". The humidity in the lab is carefully controlled in an appropriate range and never drops too low. Which of the following other factors may be contributing to this condition? The temperature is too low in the housing unit Excessive stress from experiments Overcrowding of rats A wire-bottom cages

A wire-bottom cages Annular constriction of the tail

A rabbit who presents with a history of sneezing, nasal discharge, and conjunctivitis and is caused by Pasteurella infection? Snuffles Kennel cough Query fever Tularemia

Snuffles

Which species produces acid as the major end product of nitrogen metabolism? Rats Cattle Ferrets Birds

Birds

What is the preferred site for inserting an intraosseous catheter on a bird? Distal ulna Pectoral girdle Mandible Clavicle

Distal ulna

What nutritional condition in reptiles presents with pathological fractures, bowed legs and rubbery jaw? HypoVitaminosis A HyperVitaminosis D Metabolic bone disease Mouth rot

Metabolic bone disease

Which of the following is FALSE regarding rabbit dentistry? Rabbits can experience tooth root abscesses Rabbits have aradictular hypsodont teeth Rabbits have two sets of upper incisors Rabbits cheek teeth do not overgrow like their incisors can

Rabbit cheek teeth do not overgrow like their incisors can

Which organism would most likely cause swollen lymph nodes in a guinea pig's neck? It would most likely be viral, not bacterial Enrofloxacin Escherichia coli Streptococcus zooepidemicus

Streptococcus zooepidemicus

In non-carnivorous reptiles, what is critical for the synthesis of Vitamin D3 and calcium absorption? Temperature UVB light UVA light Humidity

UVB light

A 560 g African Grey Parrot presents in the clinic; the bird is on the bottom of the cage, fluffed, and appears to have a discharge from the nares. The technician is instructed to obtain a blood sample for hematology and diagnostic testing. How much blood can you safely draw from this bird? 56 mL 5.6 mL 28 mL 2.8 mL

2.8 mL Sick bird: safely draw 0.5% of body weight. 560 g x 0.005 = 2.8mL

Which of the following would present as a proliferative honeycomb beak with scaly, crusty lesions on the legs and feet of the bird? Avian pox Avian chlamydiosis Tuberculosis Cnemidocoptes pilae

Cneumidocoptes pilae A mite of bird known as "scaly" face or legs

A parrot is brought to the clinic because it has been bleeding profusely and persistently from one feather for over an hour. After an examination, what will likely be the best course of action? Allow the feather to heal on its own; disturbing it will exacerbate the issue Cauterize the feather to stop bleeding Tightly bandage the affected area Pull the feather out

Pull the feather out

A group of mice in a lab has been biologically isolated with barrier units. These mice were confirmed to be germ-free, with the exception of multiple non-pathogenic microorganisms to which they have been intentionally exposed. Which term best describes these mice? Gnotobiotic Axenic Specific pathogen-free (SPF) The described scenario is not possible as the microbiome of a living mouse cannot be controlled

Gnotobiotic

For anesthesia for reptiles, which of the following is TRUE? Fasting is not usually necessary Perioperative antibiotics are not recommended due to reptiles' sensitivity to these drugs Heat support should not be used as they are cold-blooded Scrubbing skin can be damaging; therefore, only antiseptic rinse should be used

Fasting is not usually necessary