Eye/Ear + Pharm

Question 1

A tumor of the optic nerve in young children is called?

Answer 1

Optic nerve glioma

Question 2

A tumor of the eye in young children is called?

Answer 2

Retinoblastoma

Question 3

A tumor of the optic nerve in an adult is called?

Answer 3

Meningioma

Question 4

A tumor of the eye in an adult is called?

Answer 4

Melanoma

*Basal cell carcinoma also possible on Conjuctiva

Question 5

A pimple like skin infection on or around the eye is called?

Answer 5

Sty

Question 6

What two types of cancers destroy lashes on the eye lids?

Answer 6

1-Basal Cell Carcinoma

2-Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 7

High intraocular pressure in the anterior chamber of the eye is called?

Answer 7

Glaucoma

*can damage optic nerve and cause blindness

Question 8

Which type of glaucoma is often painful, fast developing and occurs when the iris and cornea fuse?

Answer 8

Closed-Angle

*requires immediate attention

Question 9

Which type of glaucoma is the most common, slow developing, is a reduction of drainage and results from a wide space between the iris and cornea?

Answer 9

Open-Angle glaucoma

Question 10

What are 4 risk factors for open-angle glaucoma?

Answer 10

1-Age
2-African American
3-Diabetes
4-Hypertension

Question 11

What measures intraocular pressure?

Answer 11

Tonometry

Question 12

What are 4 drugs used to treat glaucoma?

Answer 12

1-Pilocarpine
2-Timolol
3-Lantanoprost
4-Anticholinergic/Stimulants

Question 13

Which glaucoma drug is a cholinomimetic and contracts the ciliary muscle to increase outflow?

Answer 13

Pilocarpine

Question 14

Which glaucoma drug is a beta blocker and decreases aqueous humor?

Answer 14

Timolol

Question 15

Which glaucoma drug is s prostaglandin and increases outflow of aqueous humor

Answer 15

Lentanoprost

Question 16

Whit glaucoma drug worsens glaucoma?

Answer 16

Anticholinergic and amphetamintes

Question 17

What is the 2nd most common cause of blindness behind cataracts?

Answer 17

Glaucoma

Question 18

UV exposure, diabetes and steroid use can lead to opaque lenses called what?

Answer 18

Cataracts

Question 19

Cotton wool spots from ischemia or micro aneurisms on the retina are called?

Answer 19

Background Diabetic Retinopathy

*Hypertensive retinopathy can look like this too

Question 20

Loss of central vision which spreads laterally is characteristic of what?

Answer 20

Age-related Macular degeneration

*minimal pharm options, antioxidants may help like Vit C or zinc oxide

Question 21

What are the two types of Age related macular degeneration?

Answer 21

1-Wet (quick progressing hemorrhage and fluid behind retina)

2-Dry (cellular debris build up, majority are this)

Question 22

What are 3 main things associated with Macular degeneration?

Answer 22

1-Gene polymorphism
2-Smoking
3-Cardiovascular disease

Question 23

What is the most common optic tumor in children?

Answer 23

Retinoblastoma

Question 24

Vertigo, hearing loss, nausea, headaches, hearing loss, swimming feeling, and tinnitus are symptoms of what disease that is caused by excess endolymphatic fluid in the inner ear?

Answer 24

Meniere Disease

Question 25

What are 4 risks for Meniere disease?

Answer 25

1-Abnormal immune response 2-Allergies 3-Head trauma 4-Migraines

Question 26

What are 5 drugs used to meniere disease?

Answer 26

``` 1-Meclizine 2-Diazepam 3-Promethazine 4-Long acting steroids 5-Hydrochlorothiazide ``` *also some antibiotics such as gentamicin

Question 27

Which drug used for meniere disease is an H1 blocker anticholinergic that depresses the CNS to reduce vertigo?

Answer 27

Meclizine (Antivert) *weak local anesthetic

Question 28

Which drug used for meniere disease is an H1 blocker, anticholinergic used for anti nausea?

Answer 28

Promethazine *previous black box warning for tissue necrosis

Question 29

Which drug used for meniere disease is a diuretic that regulates fluid volume and pressure in the inner ear?

Answer 29

Hydrochlorothiazide

Question 30

Dexamethasone is slightly less effective than gentamicin at managing vertigo but is less likely to cause what?

Answer 30

Further hearing loss

Question 31

Pain, ear discharge, headache, hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo, and immobile bulging eardrum are symptoms of what?

Answer 31

Otitis Media *may be mistaken for dental pain

Question 32

______ is the first line treatment for otitis media with _____ added for 2nd line

Answer 32

Amoxicillin Clavulanic acid (augmentin)

Question 33

What are 4 surgical interventions for otitis media?

Answer 33

1-Tympanocentesis (aspiration) 2-Myringotomy (incision) 3-Myringotomy with tube insertion 4-Adenoidectomy