Flashcards in Eye neurology Deck (23)
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1
Which part of the brain is the visual cortex in?
Occipital lobe
2
Describe the pathway of the visual field
Globes
Optic nerves
Optic chiasm
Optic tract
Lateral geniculate
Cortex
3
What muscle does CN VI supply?
Lateral rectus
4
How is lateral rectus tested?
Try to look laterally. Eye will pull medial if LR injured
5
What causes a CN VI palsy?
Microvascular
Raised ICP
Tumour
6
What is commonly associated with CN VI palsy?
Bilateral papilloedema
7
What muscle does CN IV supply?
Superior oblique
8
How is a CN IV palsy tested?
Eye will look superior since SO causes depression when adducted
9
Why is there a head tilt present in CN IV palsy?
SO also causes some intorsion so the head has to make up for this
10
What can also cause bilateral CN IV palsy?
Blunt head trauma since CN IV is at the back of the head so any trauma may cause stretching
11
How many muscles does CN III supply in the eye region?
6
12
What is the common presentation for a CN III palsy?
Down and out
13
Why is a CN III palsy an emergency?
If painful then likely an aneurysm
Also affects levator palpebrae superioris so affects the eyelid
14
What is strabismus?
Squint
15
What is inter-nuclear ophthalmoplegia?
The affected eye will not adduct
Unaffected eye will show nystagmus
16
Where is the injury in inter-nuclear ophthalmoplegia?
Medial Longitudinal Fasiculus, where CN III, IV and VI meet
17
What is the most common cause of INO?
Multiple Sclerosis
18
What other, apart from INO, condition is found commonly in MS?
Optic neuritis
19
What is ION?
ischaemic optic neuropathy
20
What signs will an optic neuritis present with?
Progressive unilateral visual loss
Colour desaturation
Central scotoma
**Pain on moving eye**
21
How is optic neuritis treated?
Steroids
22
What pathology which affects the optic chiasm can cause visual loss?
Pituitary tumours
23
