Face And Scalp

Question 1

Tissues of the skull from superficial to deep (6)

Answer 1

Skin, fatty layer, superficial musculo-aponeruotic system (SMAS), deep fascia, salivary glands and periosteum/bone

Question 2

Scalp structures from superficial to deep

Answer 2

SCALP:

Skin, connective tissue, aponeurosis, loose areolar connective tissue (subaponeurotic space), and pericranium

Question 3

Most blood supply to the face comes from which artery?

This artery is a branch of?

Answer 3

External carotid artery

Common carotid artery (external and internal)

Question 4

External cartoid artery 4 major branches for the face

Answer 4

Facial artery, occipital artery, superficial temporal artery, and maxillary artery

Question 5

Facial artery supplies?

Answer 5

Most of face, lips, and cheeks

Question 6

Occipital artery supplies?

Answer 6

Posterior scalp

Question 7

Superficial temporal artery supplies? (4)

Which branches supply each of these parts?

Answer 7

1. Frontal and parietal branches = forehead and scalp
2. Zygomatico-orbital artery= temple
3. Transverse facial artery= cheeks

Question 8

Maxillary artery supplies? (3)

Which branches supply these parts?

Answer 8

Infraorbital = midface
Buccal = cheek muscles
Mental = chin

Question 9

3 named branches of the facial artery and what they supply

Answer 9

1. Angular = termination of vessels round midface
2. Superior labial artery = maxillary (upper) lips
3. Inferior labial artery= mandibular (lower) lips

Question 10

Posterior auricaular artery is a branch of __

Supplies?

Answer 10

External carotid artery

Supplies scalp posterior to ear (skin)

Question 11

Internal cartoid artery supplies ___ from branch of the ___ artery; what are these 4 branches

Answer 11

Region around the eyes from branches of the ophthalmic artery

Supratrochlear artery, palpebral arteries, and dorsal nasal artery

Question 12

1. Occipital vein drains into __
2. Superficial temporal vein drains into __
3. Maxillary vein and superficial temporal vein form which vein?
4. What forms EJV

Answer 12

1. External jugular vein
2. Maxillary vein
3. Form the retromandibular vein
4. Posterior auricular vein and retromandibular vein

Question 13

What is a potential site for bacterial proliferation?

Answer 13

Cavernous sinus

Question 14

Facial vein has connections to which two parts of the head?

Answer 14

Cavernous sinus and pterygoid plexuses

Question 15

The facial vein joins which vein to become ?

Where does this vein drain into?

Answer 15

Facial vein joins retromandibular vein to form common facial vein

Common facial vein drains into internal jugular vein

Question 16

Cranial nerves:

1. Emerge from?
2. Which cranial nerve supplies facial motor innervation?
3. Facial sensory innervation?

Answer 16

1. Brain stem
2. Facial nerve (CN VII)
3. Trigeminal nerve (CN V)

Question 17

Facial nerve:

1. Emerges from
2. Supplies muscles of
3. What are its 5 major branches?

Answer 17

1. Stylomastoid foramen
2. Facial expression
3. Temporal, zygomatic, buccal, marginal mandibular, and cervical (from top to bottom if using the hand on face trick)

Question 18

Trigeminal nerve has 3 branches; where do each of these branches emerge from

Answer 18

1. V1 emerges from supraorbital and supratrochlear foramen
2. V2 emerges from infraorbital foramen
3. V3 emerges from mental foramen

Question 19

V1:

1. Also called __ branch
2. Supplies (4)?

Answer 19

1. Opthalmic branch

2. Forehead, top of head, posterior orbit and superior part of nose

Question 20

V2

1. Also called __ branch
2. Supplies?

Answer 20

1. Maxillary branch

2. Midface

Question 21

V3:

1. Also called?
2. Supplies?

Answer 21

1. Mandibular branch

2. Teeth and lower jaw/face

Question 22

The following 4 branches of the facial nerve (listed before) supply which muscles of facial expression:

1. Temporal nerve (3)
2. Zygomatic nerve (3)
3. Buccal nerve (2)
4. Marginal mandibular nerve (4)
5. Cervical (1)

Answer 22

1. Occipitofrontalis, orbicularis oculi (part), corrugator supercilli
2. Orbicularis oculi (part), zygomaticus major, nasalis
3. Orbicularis oris (part), buccinator
4. Orbicularis oris (part), depressor anguli oris, depressor labii inferioris, mentalis
5. Platysma

Question 23

Occipitofrontalis:

1. Has two muscle bellies - name and location?
2. Has thick aponeurosis on top of the scalp called?
3. Action
4. Innervation

Answer 23

1. Frontal belly- forehead; occipital belly- back of scalp
2. Galea aponeurotica
3. Wrinkles forehead, frontal belly lifts eyebrows, occipital belly wrinkles skin on back of scalp
4. Frontal belly= temporal branch of CN VII; occipital belly= posterior auricular nerve (part of CN VII)

Question 24

Corrugator supercilii

1. Action
2. Innervation

Answer 24

1. Furrows the brow

2. Temporal branch of CN VII

Question 25

Orbicularis oculi 1. What are its two parts? 2. Action 3. Innervation

Answer 25

1. Palpebral part and orbital part 2. Palpebral= closes eyelids; orbital= squints eyes 3. Temporal and zygomatic branches of CN VII

Question 26

Zygomaticus major 1. Action 2. Innervation

Answer 26

1. Elevates the corners of the mouth (smile) | 2. Zygomatic branch of CN VII

Question 27

Nasalis: 1. Action 2. Innervation

Answer 27

1. Flares the nostrils | 2. Zygomatic branch of CN VII

Question 28

Buccinator: 1. Action 2. Innervation

Answer 28

1. Draws ends of mouth into a wide smile (photograph smile); contracts with orbicularis oris to create stiff lateral border for oral cavity (for chewing, keeps teeth away from cheeks, etc.) 2. Buccal branch of CN VII

Question 29

Levator anguli oris 1. Action 2. Innervation

Answer 29

1. Raises the inner corner of the lips | 2. Buccal branch of CN VII

Question 30

Orbicularis oris: 1. Action 2. Innervation

Answer 30

1. Closes the mouth and seals oral cavity (purses your lips) | 2. Buccal and marginal mandibular branches of CN VII

Question 31

Depressor anguli oris 1. Action 2. Innervation

Answer 31

1. Lowers the corners of the lips | 2. Marginal mandibular branch of CN VII

Question 32

Depressor labii inferioris 1. Action 2. Innervation

Answer 32

1. Lowers the lips (more useful for when you need to lower the lip to smile) 2. Marginal mandibular branch of CN VII

Question 33

Mentalis 1. Action 2. Innervation

Answer 33

1. Pulls skin of the chin inferiorly and protrudes lower lip (pouting) 2. Marginal mandibular branch of CN VII

Question 34

Platysma 1. Action 2. Innervation

Answer 34

1. Pulls skin on sides of mouth downwards (grimace; stretch neck face) 2. Cervical branch of CN VII

Question 35

What causes bells palsy?

Answer 35

Inflammation of the facial nerve