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Radiographic Procedures 2 > Facial Bones, Orbit, Sinuses, Nasal Bones > Flashcards

Facial Bones, Orbit, Sinuses, Nasal Bones Flashcards

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1
Q

Label 1-6

A
  1. Left nasal bone
  2. Left lacrimal
  3. Left zygoma
  4. Left inferior nasal concha
  5. Left maxilla
  6. Mandible
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2
Q

What are the routine veiws for the facial bones?

A
  1. Lateral
  2. Waters
  3. Caldwell
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3
Q

Why is it better to image facial bones erect as opposed to recumbant?

A
  1. Air-fluid levels shown
  2. Easier for hypersthenic patients and/or patients with facial injuries
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4
Q

What anatomy should be superimposed in a lateral facial bones?

A
  1. Superimposed orbital roofs/plates
  2. Superimposed mandibular rami
  3. Superimposed zygmatic process of the maxilla
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5
Q

Where should the zygomatic bones be in a lateral facial bone image?

A

Zygomatic bones in center of radiograph

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6
Q

How can you acess for rotation on a lateral facial bone image?

A

Can tell rotation based on the zygomatic processes

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7
Q

What side is demonstrated in a lateral facial bones position?

A

Demonstrates side closest to IR

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8
Q

What projection is this?

A

Lateral Facial Bones

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9
Q

When placing the MML ⊥ to IR, at what angle is the OML from the IR?

A

OML 37° from IR

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10
Q

How do you acess for rotation on a Waters (Parietoacanthial) position for the facial bones?

A

Look at the zygomatic arches

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11
Q

What projection is this?

A

Waters (Parietoacanthial) position for the facial bones

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12
Q

When would the Acanthioparietal (Reverse Waters) method be used?

A

Used in a trauma situation, where you wouldn’t want to put the chin against the IR

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13
Q

What projection is this?

A

PA caldwell facial bones

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14
Q

Label 1-3

A
  1. Frontal orbital plate
  2. Zygoma
  3. Maxilla
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15
Q

What are the 3 main bones of the orbits that are being examined during an examination of the orbits?

A
  1. Frontal orbital plate
  2. Zygoma
  3. Maxilla
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16
Q

What are the reasons that we would be imaging the orbits?

A
  1. Foreign Body (Pre MRI; to rule out metal pieces)
  2. Pathology
  3. Fracture
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17
Q

What are the 3 main types of orbital fractures?

A
  1. Blowout fracture
  2. Tripod fracture
  3. Le Forte fracture
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18
Q

What type of orbital fracture is being shown here?

A

Le Forte fracture

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19
Q

What type of fracture is being shown here? What sign indicates that this fracture is present?

A

-Blowout fracture
-Teardrop sign

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20
Q

What patient preperation needs to be made prior to imaging the orbits for foreign bodies?

A
  1. Clean IR (also the IP if CR) and bucky/table top prior to imaging
  2. Patient history regarding possible foreign bodies in the eye
  3. Clean the outside of the outright bucky and the IR; CR we clean the plate, bucky and IP plate
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21
Q

What patient preparation needs to be made prior to imaging the cranium?

A
  1. Clean table top/bucky
  2. Remove any artifacts – dental appliances, wigs, hair pins, braids, jewelry, etc.
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22
Q

What are the routine views for the orbits?

A
  1. Lateral
  2. Modified Caldwell OR Modified Waters
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23
Q

What side is being demonstrated in a lateral orbit projection?

A

Side closest to the IR

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24
Q

What projection is this?

A

Lateral orbits

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25
Why should the patient focus on a spot and not move eyes during the exposure of thier orbits?
Since small particles may not be visualized since they may be blurred out
26
Where should the petrous ridges be in a PA Axial – Modified Caldwell for the orbits?
Petrous ridges are seen below the inferior margin of the orbits
27
What is the ideal projection to demonstrate possible orbital fractures and foreign bodies in the eye
Modified Parietoacanthial (Modified Waters or ‘Shallow Waters)
28
What projection of the orbits is this?
Modified Parietoacanthial (Modified Waters or ‘Shallow Waters)
29
What is the best projection to demonstrate blowout fractures?
Modified Parietoacanthial (Modified Waters or ‘Shallow Waters)
30
Where should the petrous ridges be in a Modified Parietoacanthial (Modified Waters or ‘Shallow Waters)
Petrous ridges projected in lower ⅓ of maxillary sinuses
31
Label 1-5
1. Intersinus septum 2. Sphenoidal sinus 3. Maxillary sinus 4. Frontal sinus 5. Ethmoidal sinus
32
What are the 4 essential sinus projections?
1. Lateral 2. Caldwell - Posteroanterior (PA) axial 3. Open Mouth Waters -Parietoacanthial 4. SMV - Submentovertical
33
# TF Erect imaging is essential for sinus imaging. Why or why not?
True; necessary to demonstrate fluid levels
34
# T/F We may lower the kVp technique for the sinuses from skull imaging. Why or why not?
True; good brightness and contrast are vital to demonstrate pathology
35
What does the Lateral Projection of the sinuses demonstrate?
1. Demos all 4 sinuses superimposed 2. Anteroposterior (AP) and superoinferior dimensions of paranasal sinuses 3. Thickness of frontal bone
36
Which sinus is demonstrated the best in a lateral sinus projection?
The sphenoidal sinus
37
What side is demonstrated in a lateral sinus projection?
Side closest to the IR
38
What anatomy needs to be superimposed for a lateral sinus projection?
1. Superimposed orbital roofs/plates 2. Superimposed mandibular rami 3. Superimposed zygomatic process of the maxilla 4. Superimposed sella turcica
39
What projection is being shown here?
Lateral sinus
40
# T/F The frontonasal suture is above the frontal sinuses
False; Frontal sinuses above frontonasal suture
41
What should be seen in a Caldwell Method of the sinuses?
1. Anterior ethmoid air cells 2. Sphenoid sinuses seen through nasal fossa below or between ethmoids 3. Anterior ethmoidal air cells above petrous ridges
42
Where should the petrous ridges be in a Caldwell method of the sinuses?
Petrous pyramids in lower third of orbits
43
What method of the sinuses is being shown here?
Caldwell method of the sinuses
44
Where should the petrous ridges be in a Parietoacanthial Projection (Open-Mouth Waters) of the sinuses?
Petrous pyramids lying inferior to maxillary floor
45
What should be seen in a Parietoacanthial Projection (Open-Mouth Waters) of the sinuses?
1. Sphenoid sinuses through open mouth 2. Maxillary sinuses 3. Clearly visible air-fluid levels, if present
46
What projection is being shown here?
Parietoacanthial Projection (Open-Mouth Waters) of the sinuses
47
What projection is being shown here?
Parietoacanthial Projection (Open-Mouth Waters) of the sinuses
48
# T/F If a patient is unable to extend thier neck for the SMV of the sinuses, we can angle the tube to compensate.
False; Cannot angle the tube if the patient is unable to have the IOML perpendicular to the IR
49
What should be seen in a SMV Projection of the sinuses?
1. Sphenoid and ethmoid sinuses 2. Mandible- superimposing the frontal bone 3. Bony nasal septum 4. Clearly visible air-fluid levels, if present
50
What should be anterior to the petrous ridges in a SMV of the sinuses?
Mandibular condyles anterior to petrous pyramids
51
What indicates that the IOML is parallel to the IR for the SMV of the sinuses? | (full proper extension)
Anterior frontal bone superimposed by mental protuberance
52
How can you acess for tilt in an SMV of the sinuses?
If there is equal distance from lateral border of skull to mandibular condyles on both sides
53
What projection is being shown here?
SMV of the sinuses
54
What are the routine views of the nasal bones?
1. Lateral 2. Parietoacanthial (Waters)
55
What should be seen on a lateral nasal bone projection?
1. Bilateral Nasal bones centered 2. No rotation 3. Optimal exposure factors 4. Tight collimation
56
What projection is being shown here?
Lateral nasal bone
57
Where should the petrous ridges be in a Nasal Bones – Waters projection?
Petrous ridges projected below maxillary sinuses
58
What is the best projection to demonstrate lateral deviation of nasal septum
Nasal Bones – Waters projection
59
What projection of the nasal bones is being shown here?
Nasal Bones – Waters projection
60
Where should the petrous ridges be for a Waters (Parietoacanthial) position of the facial bones?
Petrous ridges below maxillary sinuses
61
Where should the petrous ridges be for an Acanthioparietal (Reverse Waters) method?
Petrous ridges projected into lower ⅓ of orbits

Radiographic Procedures 2 (18 decks)

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