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Radiographic Procedures 2 > Zygomatic Arches, Mandible, TMJs > Flashcards

Zygomatic Arches, Mandible, TMJs Flashcards

(70 cards)

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1
Q

Why must we use a short SID for the SMV of the zygomatic arch?

A

To allow divergence of the beam to superimpose the narrower mandible with the wider skull

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2
Q

How far back does the Zygomatic arch go?

A

Zygomatic arch goes to about the EAM

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3
Q

What makes up the zygomatic arch?

A

Temporal process of the zygoma, and the zygomatic process of the temporal bone

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4
Q

What effect would tilting the bucky have on the SMV projection of the zygomatic arches?

A

It would elongate the image

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5
Q

What projection is being shown of the zygoma?

A

The SMV

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6
Q

What should be seen in an SMV for the zygomatic arches?

A
  1. Zygomatic arches free from overlying structures
  2. Symmetric and without foreshortening
  3. No rotation or tilt of head
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7
Q

Which way is the mandible tilted?

A

Mandible tilted to the right

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8
Q

How much does the mandible need to be tilted and rotated for an oblique axial tangential position?

A

15 degrees

Test answer

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9
Q

What projection is this and what is it demonstrating?

A

Oblique axial tangential position demonstrating the left zygomatic arch

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10
Q

What positioning techniques would correct this image?

A

-Mandible tilted more towards the left
-Neck more extended

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11
Q

Which way should the nose be positioned to correct this image?

A

Nose rotated to the right

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12
Q

What should be seen on an AP axial modified towne method for the zygomatic arches?

A
  1. Symmetric projection of both zygomatic arches
  2. No overlap by mandible
  3. Zygomatic Arches are projected lateral to mandibular rami
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13
Q

What projection is being shown here?

A

AP axial modified towne method for the zygomatic arches

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14
Q

What is circled in green?

A

Lateral superior border of the orbits

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15
Q

Is a single mandibular fracture possible?

A

Yes

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16
Q

Where is the mandible ussually fractured?

A
  1. Body
  2. Ramus
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17
Q

T/F

Fractures through body or ramus are readily apparent

A

True

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18
Q

T/F

Fractures through condyle of the mandible may be difficult to see

A

True

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19
Q

What is the best way to find mandibular condyle fractures?

A

By doing an axiolateral TMJ projection

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20
Q

What is Contrecoup fracture?

A

A fracture of the ramus and the body of the mandible

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21
Q

Where is the mandible ussually wired to when there is a mandibular fracture?

A

The mandible is wired to the maxilla typically when there are fractures of the mandible.

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22
Q

How far does the condyle of the mandible go up?

A

Superior to the EAM

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23
Q

What side is demonstrated in a lateral mandible projection?

A

The side closest to the IR

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24
Q

What should be seen on a lateral mandibular projection?

A
  1. Collimate to include TMJ, symphysis menti, and anterior occlusals
  2. Extended neck to get the ramus off the spine
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25
What projection is being shown here?
Lateral mandible projection
26
Why do we perform an axiolateral oblique of the mandible?
So that we can project one side above the other to demonstrate the body, the ramus, the symphysis or general survey
27
How do you best demonstrate the ramus on an axiolateral oblique?
Keep head in a true lateral
28
How do you best demonstrate the body of the mandible on an axiolateral oblique?
Rotate head 30° toward IR or until the body of the mandible is parallel to the IR
29
How do you best demonstrate the symphysis of the mandible on an axiolateral oblique?
Rotate head 45° toward IR
30
How do you best demonstrate the general survey on an axiolateral of the mandible?
Rotate head 15°-20° toward IR
31
What area of the mandible is the general survey demonstrating?
Halfway between the ramus and the body
32
How do you position for the axiolateral oblique for the ramus of the mandible when **erect?**
Tilt vertex 15° towards IR and angle CR 10° cephalad if we cannot angle 25 degrees cephalad
33
Why is a 25 degree tilt of the head for the axiolateral ramus while **erect** not reccomended?
When tilt is used, the ramus becomes foreshortened.
34
What projection of the mandible is this?
General survey
35
What part of the mandible is this projection for?
For the ramus
36
What could be done to demonstrate the ramus better?
-Needed more tilt or more of a cephalad angle (remote side is covering the dependant side)
37
What part of the mandible is being demonstrated here?
The body
38
What part of the mandible is being demonstrated here?
The symphisis
39
What part of the mandible is being demonstrated here?
A general survey
40
What projection of the mandible is this?
PA mandibular rami
41
What should be demonstrated on a PA Axial of the mandible?
1. Demonstrates body and ramus 2. Condyles demonstrated
42
What is the best position to demonstrate medial or lateral displacement of fractures of the mandible?
PA axial mandible
43
What projection is this?
PA axial mandible
44
What should be seen on an AP axial modified towne method for the mandible?
1. Include TMJ and symphysis menti 2. Good visualization of the condyles
45
What would an increased angle cause for an AP axial modified townes?
Increased elongation
46
What is the best projection to assess medial or lateral displacement of the mandible?
The AP Axial – Modified Towne or PA axial mandible
47
What additional views are used for demonstration of the mandible?
SMV – Basal view Panorex – panoramic tomography
48
What are the two methods of obtaining images of the mandible through panoramic tomography?
1. – tube and IR rotate (in the same direction) around stationary patient 2. – patient and IR rotate (in opposite directions) around a stationary x-ray tube
49
How long is the rotation time for a panoramic tomogram of the mandible?
10 to 20 seconds
50
# T/F Panoramic tomography is digital
True
51
What is being shown here?
A panoramic tomogram
52
Read through what a panoramic tomogram demonstrates:
1. Curved structures 2. Mandible, TMJs 3. Nasal fossae, maxillary sinuses 4. Upper and lower dental arches 5. Fractures or infectious processes
53
What is being shown here?
A panoramic tomogram
54
How does the occlusal plane descend in a panoramic tomogram?
Occlusal plane declines 10° from posterior to anterior
55
How should you position a patient for a panoramic tomogram?
1. Chin rests on chin rest, and bite down on bite block 2. Position patient straight – do not allow head and neck to stretch forward
56
What line should be paralell to the floor for a panoramic tomogram?
IOML is parallel with the floor
57
How should the MSP be positioned for a panoramic tomogram?
Align MSP with vertical center line of the chin rest
58
What modality is being shown here?
Panoramic tomogram
59
What is the fracture in the mandible caused by?
Some infection at the bottom of the teeth (Tumor, mass)
60
Where is the TM joint located in relation to the EAM?
TMJ is just ANTERIOR to the EAM
61
What is the TM joint formed by?
Formed by condyle of mandible fitting into mandibular fossa of the zygomatic process of the temporal bone
62
What are the imaging indications for the TM joints?
1. Arthiritus 2. Myofacial Pain Dysfunction Syndrom 3. TMJ Syndrome
63
# What are these symptoms of in relation to mandible? Clicking, pain, tinnitus, headaches, vertigo
TMJ
64
When the mouth opens, where does the condyle move?
When mouth opens, condyle moves forward to the anterior margin of fossa
65
When the mouth closes, where does the condyle move?
When mouth closes, condyle lies within mandibular fossa
66
What is being shown here?
Dislocated TM joint
67
What projection of the TMJ is this?
AP axial modified towne
68
Why do we get the patient to extend the chin in an axiolateral method for the TMJ?
Easier to open the mouth
69
What is being shown here?
Dislocation of the TMJ
70
What joint is being demonstrated here?
The superior TMJ

Radiographic Procedures 2 (18 decks)

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