Factors Affecting Rates of Reaction Flashcards
The Rate and Extent of Chemical Changes (9 cards)
What are the four factors that affect the rate of reaction?
- Temperature
- Concentration of a solution
- Surface area
- Presence of a catalyst
These factors influence the frequency of successful collisions between reacting particles.
How does increasing temperature affect the rate of reaction?
It increases the speed of particle movement and the frequency of collisions, leading to more energetic collisions.
Faster particles have more energy, increasing the likelihood that collisions will result in a reaction.
What happens to the rate of reaction when the concentration of a solution is increased?
The number of particles in a given volume increases, leading to more frequent collisions.
Similar reasoning applies when the pressure of a gas is increased.
How does increasing surface area affect the rate of reaction?
Breaking a solid into smaller pieces increases its surface area to volume ratio, allowing for more frequent collisions.
More surface area means more area for particles to interact with.
What is a catalyst?
A substance that speeds up a reaction without being used up in the reaction.
Catalysts provide an alternative reaction pathway with lower activation energy.
What is activation energy?
The minimum energy required for a reaction to occur.
Catalysts decrease the activation energy needed for reactions.
What role do enzymes play in reactions?
Enzymes are biological catalysts that catalyze reactions in living organisms.
They lower activation energy and increase reaction rates in biological processes.
True or False: A catalyst is part of the overall reaction equation.
False
Catalysts are not consumed in the reaction and do not appear in the overall equation.
Fill in the blank: Increasing the _______ of a solid will increase its reaction rate.
surface area
More surface area allows for more collisions with reactant particles.
