Fall Semester Exam Review #2 (Units 2 and 3)

Question 1

Cell membrane

Answer 1

lets things in and out of the cell

protects the inside of a cell from the environment outside the cell

Question 2

Cell wall

Answer 2

Protects a plant cell from attack by viruses and other harmful organisms

provides structural support, which helps maintain the cell’s shape

Question 3

Cytoplasm

Answer 3

gel-like fluid that suspends organelles

gives cell structure, shape, and provides movement for the cell.

also contains salts and other molecules

Question 4

nucleus

Answer 4

control center of cell that directs cell activity

site of protein production, metabolism, and cell growth

contains genetic info stored in DNA

Question 5

Ribosomes

Answer 5

makes proteins for the cell

Question 6

Mitochondria

Answer 6

Breaks down food and releases energy needed for cellular processes, such as growth, cell division, and material transport

Question 7

Chloroplast

Answer 7

makes glucose for the cell in a process called photosynthesis

Question 8

photosynthesis

Answer 8

uses sunlight, water, and carbon dixiode

product- glucose and oxygen

Question 10

vacuoles

Answer 10

storage for substances in the cell

sotres food, water, and waste material

Question 11

Golgi Apparatus

Answer 11

packages proteins for transport

Question 12

ER

Answer 12

Protein Proudction and Transportation

makes lipids

Question 13

What organelles are found in both plant and animal cells

Answer 13

cell membrane
cytoplasm
ribosomes
mitochondria
nucleus
ER
golgi

Question 14

what organelles are found only in plant

Answer 14

cell wall
chorloplast
large vacuole

Question 15

what organelles are found only in animal

Answer 15

multiple small vacoules

Question 16

What are the characteristics of prokaryotic cells

Answer 16

-genetic material not surrounded by membrane

• most are unicellular

-no nucleus

Question 17

What are the characteristics of eukaryotic cells

Answer 17

-Plants, Animals, Fungi, Protists

-genertic material surrounded by a membrane

-usually larger than prokaryotic

-contians organelles

Question 18

What are the mian types of eukaryotic cells

Answer 18

Plant and Animal cells

Since Eukarytoic cells have a nucleus, they will also have chromosomes in that nuclues

Question 19

Describe chromosomes and give characteristics of them

Answer 19

A DNA structure containing genertic info from one generation to the next

we get 1 chromosome from each parent to creat pairs

Chromosomes contain genes. These genes carry info for exactly one trait

Question 20

Whare are alleles

Answer 20

an alternate form of a gene

can be dominant or recessive

Question 21

Genetics

Answer 21

the study of genes

Question 22

Heredity

Answer 22

study of how genes are passed through generations

Question 23

Where do we find DNA

Answer 23

in the nuclues

DNA is what a gene is made of that determines traits in offspring

Question 24

How do genetic disorders get passed on from parent to offspring

Answer 24

the prents genes are passed to the child

Question 25

What is the different between inhertied traits and learned behavior

Answer 25

learned- something that is learned inherited- traits that someone is born with

Question 26

What function, besdies storage, do vacuoles have in plants

Answer 26

They help plants maintain their shape. When plants don't have enough water in their vacuole, they wilt

Question 27

What are genotypes

Answer 27

letters with alles

Question 28

What are phenotypes

Answer 28

how genes are expressed

Question 29

What are the 3 types of adaptations

Answer 29

Behavioral Structural Physiological

Question 30

Structural adaptation def.

Answer 30

external adaptations that help organisms survive

Question 31

Behavioral adaptation def.

Answer 31

actions by organisms that help them survive

Question 32

Physiological adaptation def.

Answer 32

internal adaptations that help organisms survive

Question 33

Physiological examples

Answer 33

production of vemon blubber to keep warm hollow bones for flight

Question 34

Structural examples

Answer 34

spines on cactus claws long eyebrows for camels

Question 35

Behavioral examples

Answer 35

dancing to attract males migration hibernation