Flashcards in Feast and Famine Deck (35):
1
What are the 3 ways in which metabolic pathways are regulated
-allosteric effectors
-covalent modification
-changes in amount of key enzymes
2
function of acetyl COA
activate pyruvate carboxylase
inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase
3
function of AMP
activate AMPK
inhibit gluconeogensis, protein synthesis, lipogensis, cholesterol synthesis
4
function of cirtrate
activate acetyl-CoA carbozylase (FA synthesis)
inhibits PFK1 and PFK2 (glycolysis)
5
functino of fuctose 2,6 bp
activate PFK1
inhibits F11,6BPase
6
function of fructose 1,6 bp
activate pyruvate kinase
7
function of glucose
actiate glucokinase
8
function of malonyl-CoA
inhibit CPT I (FA degration)
9
functino of cAMP
activate protein kinase A
incrase glycogenolysis, gluconeogensis
inhibit glycolysis, lipogensis
10
affect of fatty acids
induce gene for FA ozidation and keton synthesis by PPRE
11
affect of glucocagon
induces genes for gluconeogensis bia CRE
represses genes for lipid synthesis via CRE
12
affect of insulin
induces genes for lipid syntheiss bia SRE
represses genes for gluconeogensis and FA oxidation via IRE
13
limitations of fatty acids as energy
-requires O2
-can't cross bbb
-can't be converted into glucose
14
advantages of glucose
can be catabolized quickly w/o oxygen
-can cross bbb
15
limitation of glucose
small stores
16
limitations of amino acids
no storage
17
metabolism of RBCs
convert glucose to lactate
18
what do muscles prefer for energy metabolism
fatty acids
19
What else can muscles use for energy
glucose
ketone bodies
20
can muscles function anaerobically
yes, briefly
21
can muscles convert amino acids to glucose
no - happens in liver
22
Does the heart story energy
no
23
can the heart function anaerobically
no
24
what type of fuel does the heart prefer
fatty acids
25
what fuel does the brain use
glucose, in severe stravation it can use ketones
26
what fuel does the liver use
fatty acids, glucose, amino acids, and lactate
27
what does liver store
glycogen
28
excess glucose is converted by the liver into what
VLDLs
29
what releases fatty acids and glycerol
adipose tissue
30
what happens during refeeding
electrolyte problems
31
what 2 conditions need to be considered when refeeding
lack of digestive enzymes
lack of intracellular phosphate
32
after the first 10-20 second of excerise what happens
muscle funciton is driven by ATP/creatine-phospahte reserves
33
after 20 seconds of excerise what happens
muscle function is supported by fatty acid and glucose metabolism
34
what happens after an hour of excerise
metabolism increases fatty acid utilization
35