Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Histology and Embryology > Female Genital System > Flashcards

Female Genital System Flashcards

(69 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Ovary

A
  • produces the ova and ovarian hormones
    1. Estrogen
    2. Progesterone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Ovary epithelium

A
  • covered by a low cuboidal surface epithelium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Ovary Tunica Albuginea

A
  • lies immediately below the surface epithelium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Ovary

A
  • divided into the outer cortex and inner medulla

- > except in MARES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Mares

A
  • their ovary is the exception and the areas are reversed

- > outer medulla and inner cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Ovary Outer Cortex

A
  • contains numerous follicles and a corpora lutea
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Ovary Inner Medulla

A
  • characterized by blood vessels, nerves and lymphatics
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Uterine Tube

A
  • site of fertilization
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Uterus

A
  • site of implantation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Primordial Follicles

A
  • composed of a primary oocyte surrounded by a simple squamous epithelium of follicular cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Primary Follicles

A
  • composed of a primary oocyte surrounded by a simple cuboidal epithelium of follicular cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Secondary Follicles

A
  • composed of a primary oocyte surrounded by a stratified epithelium termed granulosa cells which secrete zona pellucida
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Granulosa Cells

A
  • secrete the zona pellucida around the plasma membrane of primary oocytes
  • stratified epithelium of polyhedral follicular cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Theca Cells

A
  • late secondary follicles
  • begin to form around the granulosa cells
  • a vascularized multilayer of spindle-shaped stromal cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Tertiary, Mature or Graafian Follicles

A
  • characterized by the development of the antrum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Antrum

A
  • small fluid-filled clefts which join to form a large cavity among the granulosa cells
  • contains liquor folliculi
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Primary Oocyte

A
  • immediately before or just after ovulation this completes the first meiotic division to give rise to a secondary oocyte and the first polar bodies
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Cumulus oophorus

A
  • antrum enlarges due to the accumulation of liquor folliculi, the oocyte is displaced and lies in a group of granulosa cells called this
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Corona radiata

A
  • the granulosa cells immediately surrounding the oocyte become radially
    placed and are called this
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Theca Interna

A
  • have characteristic of steroid-secreting cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Theca Externa

A
  • consists of a thin layer of loose connective tissue with fibrocytes arranged concentrically
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Ovulation

A
  • rupture of the follicle and release of the oocyte

-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Ovulation

A
  • caused by luteinizing hormone (LH) and increased pressure of the antral fluid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Follicular Atresia (degeneration)

A
  • not all developing follicles terminate in ovulation

- many follicles undergo this

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
*Corpus Atreticum*
- atretic follicles are reabsorbed except for small fibrous tissue scar called this - regressed without being ovulated
26
*Ovaries of the Bitch and Queen*
- there are interstitial endocrine cells - arise from either: - > epitheloid theca interna cells - > hypertrophied granulosa cells of the atretic follicles - contain lipid droplets
27
Corpus Hemorrhagicum
- the ruptured follicle after ovulation because of the blood in the antrum
28
*Luteinization*
- granulosa cells proliferate and transform into large luteal cells - theca cells contribute to small luteal cells of the CL
29
*Granulosa Cells*
- large luteal cells | - steroid synthesizing cells
30
*Theca Interna Cells*
- small luteal cells | - more lipid and less steroid-synthesizing
31
*Large and Small Luteal Cells*
- both produce progesterone
32
Cows, mares and carnivores
- the yellow lipid pigment called lutein accumulates in the luteal cells
33
Ewe, Goats and Sows
- the yellow lipid pigment called lutein is absent
34
Corpus albicans
- If fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum slowly degenerates and is replaced by connective tissue called this - regressed CL of the estrous cycte
35
*Mares*
- Accessory corpus luteum is present | - > some primary/secondary follicle convert into additional CL for increased demand of progesterone
36
Order of Corpus Luteum
1. Corpus Hemorrhagicum 2. Corpus Luteum 3. Corpus Albicans 4. Corpus Atreticum 5. Accessory Corpus Luteum
37
Corpus Luteum
- if fertilization does occur (pregnancy), this persists and is active for a variable amount of time
38
Rete ovarii
- embryonic remnants homologous to the rete testis | - prominent in carnivores and ruminants
39
Carnivores and ruminants
- rete ovarii is more prominent
40
Uterine Tube/Oviduct/Fallopian Tube
1. Infundibulum 2. Ampulla 3. Isthmus
41
*Infundibulum epithelium*
- Pseudostratified Columnar epithelium | - > found only in this part of the oviduct
42
*Ampulla and isthmus epithelium*
- simple columnar epithelium
43
Uterus Components
1. Bilateral Horns 2. An unpaired body 3. An unpaired neck, or cervix
44
Uterus Wall
1. Endometrium 2. Myometrium 3. Perimetrium
45
*Endometrium of the Uterine wall (uterus)*
- mucosa-submucosa | - lined by simple columnar epithelium
46
Most species in the endometrium
- simple, or branched coiled tubular glands | - > except ruminants (caruncles)
47
*Ruminants*
- have caruncles which are nonglandular in the endometrium
48
Caruncles
- are nonglandular, circumscribed thickenings of the endometrium - ruminants
49
*Endometrium of the uterus wall in the Mare*
- endometrial cups are present in early pregnancy due to densely packed uterine glands
50
*Myometrium*
- muscularis of the uterus wall - consists of a thick circular inner layer and an outer longitudinal layer of smooth muscles - a stratum vasculare occurs between the two layers of smooth muscles
51
*Perimetrium*
- serosa of the uterus wall
52
*Cervix Epithelium*
- simple columnar epithelium
53
Cervix
- highly folded mucosa-submucosa - during pregnancy, the mucus thickens to form the cervical seal - elastic fibers are predominent in the inner circular layer which are important in reestablishing cervical structure after parturition
54
*Cervix*
- mucigenous and goblet cells secrete mucus during estrus
55
*Vagina Epithelium*
- stratified squamous epithelium
56
*Vagina in Bovine*
- isolated foci of goblet cells are present in cranial part of vagina
57
Vagina propriasubmucosa
- dense irregular CT containing lymphatic nodules
58
Vagina Tunica Muscularis
- inner circular and outer longitudinal layer
59
*Sows and Bitches*
- the vagina has an additional thin layer of longitudinal muscle present inside the circular layer
60
Vestibular Wall
- similar to the caudal part of the vagina except for the presence of more subepithelial lymphatic nodules
61
Mares and Bitches Vestibule
- in the vestibule an erectile corpus cavernosum, termed bulbus vestibuli is present beneath the vestibular mucosa
62
Bulbus vestibuli
- an erectile corpus cavernosum
63
*Clitoris*
- homologous to the male penis
64
Vulva
- formed by the labia which are folds of the integuments
65
Estrous Cycle
1. Proestrus 2. Estrus 3. Metestrus 4. Diestrus
66
Proestrus
- is the period of follicular growth | - Endometrial proliferation and increased vascularization
67
Estrus
- ovulation occurs | - The endometrial proliferation and edema is more apparent
68
Metestrus
- development of the corpus luteum | - Endometrial gland hyperplasia
69
Diestrus
- is the phase of active corpus luteum under the influence of progesterone - The endometrial glandular hyperplasia and secretion are maximum

Histology and Embryology (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions