Female Repro

Question 1

Major Structures

Answer 1

Ovary
Uterus
Cervix
Vagina
External Genitalia

Question 2

Reproductive Tract

Answer 2

System of interconnected tubes, lies beneath rectum and is separated by rectogenital pouch

Question 3

Ovary

Answer 3

Produces ovum and hormones
Primary Structures:
-Tunica Albuginea
-Ovarian Cortex
-Ovarian Medulla
Composed of outer connective Tissue

Question 4

Ovarian Medulla

Answer 4

Central Ovary
nerves, vasculature, lymphatics

Question 5

Ovarian Cortex

Answer 5

Located beneath Tunica Albuginea
Houses
corpus Luteum
corpora albicantia
Oocytes (primary, secondary, ovulating, antral follicle)

Question 6

Folliculogenesis

Answer 6

Process where immature follicles develop into more advanced follicles and become candidates for ovulation

Question 7

Primordial Follicle

Answer 7

most immature, smallest, oocyte surrounded by single layer cells

Question 8

Primary follicle

Answer 8

female lifetime supply, either develop or die
oocyte surrounded by cuboidal cell layer

Question 9

secondary follicle

Answer 9

2 or more layers of follicle cells without cavity. Oocyte surrounded by thick, clear layer

Question 10

Antral Follicle

Answer 10

Dominant follicle, antrum cavity filled with folicular fluid. Has 3 components
1) Theca Externa
2) Theca Interna
3) Granulosal Cell Layer

Question 11

Theca Externa

Answer 11

collective tissue, surrounds+supports secondary follicle

Question 12

Theca Interna

Answer 12

Androgen Producer under LH influence

Question 13

Granulosal Cell layer

Answer 13

Oocyte Maturity. Produces estrogen, inhibin, follicular fluid

Question 14

Corpus Hemorrhagicum

Answer 14

Protrusion of tissue with ruptured blood vessels. Happens when antral follicles ovulate. Once formed theca interna and luteal cels form corpus luteum to maintain pregnancy.

Question 15

corpus luteum

Answer 15

Temporary, important structure that produces progesterone to make safe envt for fetus

Question 16

corpora albicantia

Question 17

Oviduct

Answer 17

-Infundibulum
-ampulla
-isthmus
-uterotubal junction
The oviduct prevents excess sperm, provides proper environment for fertilization, and transports+facilitates development of early embryo

Question 18

Infundibulum

Answer 18

funnel shape
captures newly ovulated oocyte in velvety finger-like projections called fimbriae and transports them through the opening (ostium)

Question 19

Ampulla

Answer 19

Transports sperm to site of fertilization. This is the cite of fertilization

Question 20

The repro is tract is like a bunch of tubes. Each tube has these 4 layers:

Answer 20

1) serosa
2) muscularis
3) submucoa
4) mucosa

Question 21

Serosa

Answer 21

layer of flattened cells that cover the repro tract

Question 22

Muscularis

Answer 22

muscularis is double layer of smooth muscle (circular and longitudinal) and is used for contractions to transport sperm and give birth

Question 23

Submucosa

Answer 23

Houses blood vessel, nerves, and lymphatics
supporting tissue for mucosa

Question 24

Mucosa

Answer 24

lines lumen with mucosal epithelium. Sustains and protects sperm until oocyte arrives

Question 25

Uterotubal Junction

Answer 25

Oviduct to Uterus zygote transport

Question 26

3 Types of Uterus

Answer 26

Duplex, Bicornuate, and Simplex

Question 27

Duplex

Answer 27

Two uterus body and two cervix (marsupials and rabbits)

Question 28

Bicornuate

Answer 28

Two Uterine Horns but one cervix (mare+cow have low developed horns) (dog, cat, sheep have highly developed)

Question 29

Simplex

Answer 29

One uterine body and one cervix (primate)

Question 30

Cervix

Answer 30

Cervical canal surrounded by single or multiple folds/rings -flushes, lubricates, seals during pregnancy

Question 31

Vagina

Answer 31

Cranial, Caudal, Vaginal Vestibule

Question 32

Cranial Vagina

Answer 32

columnar epithelium, highly secretive

Question 33

Caudal

Answer 33

squamous epithelium secretory change with endocrine status

Question 34

Vaginal Vestibule

Answer 34

Portion Common to Urinary and Genital System

Question 35

Genitalia

Answer 35

Vulva (major and minor labia) Perineum -Region that surrounds anus and vulva Clitoris Fossa- erectile tissue

Question 36

Broad Ligament

Answer 36

Fuses with peritoneum to Support+suspends ovary, oviducts, unterus, etc. Houses lymphatics, nevers, vasc. -Mesometrium -mesoalpinx -mesovarium

Question 37

peritoneum

Answer 37

connective tissue that surrounds and covers the repro tract

Question 38

Mesovarium

Answer 38

Supports the Ovary, supplies blood+lymp and helps form hilus

Question 39

Mesoalpinx

Answer 39

Surrounds and supports oviduct, also bursa pouch around ovary. Also helps orient infundibulum to help sperm

Question 40

Mesometrium

Answer 40

largest most spottable, supports uterine horns