Female Reproductive: Histo

Question 1

Main purpose of the reproductive system

Answer 1

perpetuate the species

Question 2

Production of eggs, providing a location for fertilization, & providing a location to house and support embryonic development

Answer 2

female reproductive system

Question 3

produce germ cells or gametes

Answer 3

Gonads

Question 4

Are germ cells / gametes haploid or diploid?

Answer 4

Haploid (n)

Question 5

Number of chromosomes in a germ cell

Answer 5

23

Question 6

mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, the external urethral orifice, and the vaginal orifice

Answer 6

Female external genitalia

Question 7

vagina, uterus, uterine tubes, ovaries, and the ligaments and supporting structures

Answer 7

Female internal genitalia

Question 8

Female gonads

Answer 8

ovaries

Question 9

What type of function(s) do the ovaries have

Answer 9

endocrine and exocrine

Question 10

what is the endocrine function of the ovaries

Answer 10

steroidgenesis

Question 11

What steroids to the ovaries produce

Answer 11

Estrogens and Progestogens

Question 12

promotes the growth and maturation of internal and external sex organs

Answer 12

Estrogens

Question 13

promotes breast development

Answer 13

Estrogens

Question 14

prepares internal sex organs (primarily uterus) for pregnancy by promoting changes in endometrium

Answer 14

Progestogens

Question 15

prepares mammary glands for lactation

Answer 15

Progestogens

Question 16

The ovaries are homologous to what in the male

Answer 16

testes

Question 17

what is the exocrine function of the ovaries

Answer 17

production of secondary oocyte

Question 18

The surface epithelium of the ovaries is . . .

Answer 18

simple cuboidal

Question 19

Dense connective tissue of the ovaries

Answer 19

tunica albugini

Question 20

contains connective tissue and follicles

Answer 20

cortex of the ovary

Question 21

loose connective tissue with lymphatics vessels and nerves

Answer 21

medulla or the ovary

Question 22

migrate from yolk sac to gonadal primordia

Answer 22

Primordial Germ Cells

Question 23

differentiate to form the next cell (i.e. oogonia)

Answer 23

Primordial Germ Cells

Question 24

arrested in prophase I are called primary oocytes

Answer 24

Oogonia

Question 25

each primary oocyte becomes surrounded by flattened supporting cells called follicular cells which forms

Answer 25

primordial follicle

Question 26

beginning at the fifth month of fetal life and throughout the woman’s lifetime, primary oocytes undergo a slow degenerative processes

Answer 26

atresia

Question 27

number of oocytes ovulated

Answer 27

~ 350-400

Question 28

What is released at puberty and causes follicular growth

Answer 28

FSH

Question 29

surrounded by a layer of simple cuboidal cells

Answer 29

early/ uni laminar primary follicle

Question 30

surrounded by stratified cuboidal

Answer 30

late/ multi laminar primary follicle

Question 31

layer of glycoproteins secreted by the oocyte

Answer 31

Zona pellucide

Question 32

just external to the basement membrane formed by the granulosa cells

Answer 32

Theca folliculli

Question 33

connective tissue surrounding the follicle

Answer 33

Theca folliculli

Question 34

cuboidal secretary cells that are stimulated by LH

Answer 34

Theca interna

Question 35

secrets androstenedione

Answer 35

Theca interna

Question 36

fibers layer made up of smooth muscles, fibroblasts and bundles of collagen

Answer 36

Theca externa

Question 37

As the follicle grows the granulose cells secrete fluid and reorganize themselves into

Answer 37

Antrum

Question 38

as soon as the Antrum appears the follicle is a ..

Answer 38

secondary follicle

Question 39

once the follicle reaches 10mm it is

Answer 39

mature/ Graafian follicle

Question 40

what causes ovulation

Answer 40

increased Antrum pressure

Question 41

12 - 24 hrs before ovulation LH causes

Answer 41

completion of meiosis I

Question 42

Onces meiosis I is complete what is formed?

Answer 42

secondary oocyte

Question 43

a gradian follicle starts as ___ and ovulates ____

Answer 43

primary oocyte | secondary oocyte

Question 44

After ovulation the granulosa cells are left and a large blood clot forms

Answer 44

corpus hemorrhagicum

Question 45

Increases in size (hypertrophy) and produce progesterone

Answer 45

Granulosa cells

Question 46

only increase in size slightly and produce estrogen

Answer 46

Theca interna

Question 47

forms the corpus luteum

Answer 47

luteinization

Question 48

if fertilization occurs what happens to the corpus luteum?

Answer 48

remains

Question 49

if fertilization does not occurs what happens to the corpus luteum?

Answer 49

it degrade ~10-14 days

Question 50

what is left once the corpus luteum degrades?

Answer 50

Corpus Albicans

Question 51

Paired muscular tubes, 12 cm in length

Answer 51

Uterine Tubes

Question 52

Where fertilization takes place

Answer 52

Uterine Tubes

Question 53

Wall is folded mucosa with simple columnar epithelium, a thick muscularis (interwoven layers of smooth muscle), and serosa

Answer 53

Uterine Tubes

Question 54

Two types of cells in the uterine tubes

Answer 54

ciliated cells and secretary cells

Question 55

help move oocyte towards uterus

Answer 55

Ciliated cells

Question 56

apical end budges into lumen and stain darker

Answer 56

secretary cells

Question 57

Three layers of the uterus from outside to inside

Answer 57

Perimetrium Myometrium Endometrium

Question 58

thickest layer or the uterus

Answer 58

Myometrium

Question 59

bundles of smooth muscle separated by connective tissue containing many blood vessels

Answer 59

Myometrium

Question 60

simple columnar epithelium with both ciliated and secretory cells with an underlying lamina propria; contains uterine glands

Answer 60

Endometrium

Question 61

outermost layer; either adventitia or serosa

Answer 61

Perimetrium

Question 62

Layers of the endometrium

Answer 62

``` Basal layer (stratum basale) Functional layer (stratum functionale) ```

Question 63

thickness changes influenced by the shifting levels of ovarian hormones and majority can be sloughed away monthly as the menstrual flow

Answer 63

Functional layer (stratum functionale)

Question 64

endometrium that is not sloughed during menstruation

Answer 64

Cervix

Question 65

Narrow end of the uterus

Answer 65

Cervix

Question 66

what type of mucus glands are found in the cervix

Answer 66

branched

Question 67

mucus glands increase in mucous production 10-fold | at mid-cycle to aid what

Answer 67

sperm migration

Question 68

A squamocolumnar junction

Answer 68

Transformation Zone of Cervix

Question 69

from mucus-secreting simple columnar epithelium of cervical canal (and uterus) to nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium of ectocervix

Answer 69

Transformation Zone of Cervix

Question 70

Common site of metaplastic changes

Answer 70

Transformation Zone of Cervix

Question 71

What is on the outside of the vaginal canal

Answer 71

adventitia

Question 72

Layers of the vagina

Answer 72

mucosa, a muscular layer, and an adventitia

Question 73

Modified tubuloalveolar aprocrine sweat glands

Answer 73

Mammary Glands

Question 74

Produce the protein component of milk

Answer 74

merocrine

Question 75

Produce the lipid component of milk

Answer 75

apocrine